Virtudes Prusianas

VIRTUDES PRUSIANAS (Brandenburgo-Prusia, Alemania):
Perfecta organización * Sacrificio * Imperio de la ley * Obediencia a la autoridad * Militarismo * Fiabilidad * Tolerancia religiosa * Sobriedad * Frugalidad * Pragmatismo * Puntualidad * Modestia * Diligencia

Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta segunda guerra mundial. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta segunda guerra mundial. Mostrar todas las entradas

martes, 19 de febrero de 2013

El hijo de Stalin se rindió a los alemanes en la segunda guerra.

¡ Ha de haber pasado un gran momento el buen Josef !

http://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=10866203

Archived letter contradicts Kremlin story that Yakov Dzhugashvili was captured.
A statue of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin in Georgia. Photo / AP

A statue of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin in Georgia. Photo / AP
Joseph Stalin's son surrendered to the Germans during the Nazis' 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union, new evidence found in Russian archives suggests, and was not "captured" as Kremlin propaganda held for decades.
Stalin is known to have despised his first son, Yakov Dzhugashvili, who is thought to have committed suicide in 1943 by electrocuting himself on a perimeter fence while being held prisoner in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp at Oranienburg, in eastern Germany.
But for decades after the Soviet victory, official propaganda refused to waver from the official Stalinist version that before his death, Dzhugashvili was captured by German forces near Minsk while serving as a Red Army battery commander.
But Russian archive material published by Germany's Der Spiegel magazine suggests that Dzhugashvili not only willingly surrendered to the Germans during World War II but that he was both anti-Semitic and highly critical of the Red Army when questioned by his captors.
The evidence implying surrender is contained in a letter written by Dzhugashvili's brigade commissar, Alexei Rumyanzev, to the Red Army's political director.
It insists that Stalin's son behaved "fearlessly and impeccably" as a battery commander.
But it goes on to explain how after his battery was bombed by the Nazis, Dzhugashvili and a Red Army soldier named Popuride escaped.
"They buried their papers and put on civilian clothing," the letter states.
But it adds: "When they reached the lakeside, Comrade Dzhugashvili told Popuride to keep going, but said that he wanted to stay and rest."
Der Spiegel said the admission that Stalin's son had wanted to "stay and rest" indicated that he had handed himself over. Independent

domingo, 26 de diciembre de 2010

Nazi Germany After the War 1945-1946: Post War Destruction and the Impact on Ordinary Germans

Alemania post nazi en el periodo de pos guerra 1945-1946: Destrucción e impacto en alemanes comúnes.

Un interesante artículo con algunos datos que posteriormente citaré brevemente.

Nazi Germany After the War 1945-1946: Post War Destruction and the Impact on Ordinary Germans



sábado, 31 de octubre de 2009

¿ La Guerra de Hitler ? Imperdible documental alemán sobre la segunda guerra.

Lamentablemente en alemán, pero lo poco que entiendo ofrece perspectivas más que interesantes, trascendentales. Politica, saqueo, imperios anglo sajones, propiedad intelectual, sionismo.


10 partes:



















domingo, 4 de octubre de 2009

Más verdades para quien esté en sano juicio sobre la segunda guerra mundial y sus causas.

The Name That Must Not Be Mentioned
by Paul Gottfried

Entre pontificadores mantener los neoconservadores 'en la historia moderna, Victor Davis Hanson bien puede ser la más ridícula. Un erudito respetable al escribir acerca de hoplitas griegos y otros aspectos de la historia militar antigua, Hanson se convierte en un loco furioso, tan pronto como se pone las gafas neoconservador. Su última columna sindicada, "la Segunda Guerra Mundial: Verdades pasada de moda", ilustra este proceso de transformación.

En el septuagésimo aniversario del estallido de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Hanson se encuentra en una nerviosos sobre "historias de la revisionista", por ejemplo, los que "culpar a las agresiones de Alemania en el que supuestamente duras condiciones del Tratado de Versalles. Hanson se cree que un tratado que privó a Alemania de una tercera parte de sus territorios y puesto a millones de sus ciudadanos bajo regímenes hostiles extranjeras, tales como el Estado polaco en Danzig, Prusia Occidental y, sólo era "supuestamente duras? Fue la reducción de Austria de un gran imperio, a una sala de reducidas de Europa a manos de los aliados o la reducción de intento de Turquía en el Tratado de Sèvres a un principado alrededor de Ankara, un destino que, por cierto, sólo el brillo militar de Mustafa Kemal Ataturk mantuvo suceda, sólo parece en nada a las condiciones de paz? Según Hanson, "Versalles fue más leve de lo que Alemania había previsto para Gran Bretaña y Francia se han ganado en 1918." Además, "las condiciones impuestas a los derrotó a Rusia por el Tratado de Brest-Litovsk a principios de 1918" fue mucho más dura que el castigo merecido a los alemanes tiene en Versalles en 1919.

Estas generalizaciones son tan increíblemente de un solo lado que uno se pregunta qué tipo de investigación Hanson ha hecho llegar sus opiniones defectuoso. El Tratado de Brest-Litovsk, que el Imperio Alemán, entonces en guerra en el Oeste, llegó a la conclusión con el régimen de Lenin en marzo de 1918, tenía por objeto liberar a los alimentos y material de guerra a un país bloqueado. Los alemanes tomaron lo que podían, que era la parte occidental de la Rusia europea, para llevar a cabo una lucha militar sombría que pronto iba a perder. Como historiador Egmont Zechlin ha observado, las ganancias de Alemania en Brest-Litovsk debe ser visto como Kriegsmittel (medios de continuar la lucha), más que como Kriegsziele (objetivos de guerra). Representaban el mismo tipo de medida militar-diplomático como el Tratado de Londres, firmado en abril de 1915, el cebo por el que los británicos Italia tentado a unirse al baño de sangre. El efecto de ese tratado, sólo las partes de las cuales fueron (por suerte) jamás aplicado, habría arrastrado a millones de sujetos dispuestos, en su mayoría eslavos del sur y austríacos, en un imperio italiano ampliado. Huelga decir que los aliados victoriosos no hizo nada para devolver el territorio al gobierno de Lenin de que había sido tomada por los alemanes. Se divide esta tierra entre sus estados clientes, que fueron traídos a la existencia o ampliadas, como un contrapeso a Alemania. Los aliados también se utilizan estos estados para contener un lisiado Austria Hungría y un amputado. En cuanto a las "más duras" los tratados que Hanson afirma que los alemanes habían reservado para los británicos y los franceses habían ganado, ya que no entra en detalles, vamos a tratar de este comentario como un espacio simple relleno.


Tenga en cuenta todo esto es previo a ir tras el nombre que no se atreven a mencionar, la de Pat B, que ha tratado la Segunda Guerra Mundial como una confrontación que podría haberse limitado a Alemania y Rusia. A pesar de que han expresado durante un cierto desacuerdo con el argumento de Pat sobre la posibilidad de que Hitler va directamente a Rusia después de la ocupación occidental de Polonia, me gustaría hacer un cristal punto (perdón por el juego de palabras!) Claro. Buchanan tiene todo el derecho a argumentar lo que hace sin ser llamado un simpatizante nazi o nazi. Además, todo lo que ha escrito sobre la Primera Guerra Mundial es totalmente correcta, aunque Pat puede subestimar el papel del gobierno británico (y en particular de Churchill) en engrasar los patines de la Gran Guerra.

De Pat asignación de por lo menos parte de la responsabilidad de que Hanson llama "Polonia neutral" en avivar las hostilidades con Alemania, parece indiscutible. El gobierno polaco a mediados de la década de 1930 y entró en el alboroto incitar a la violencia contra los alemanes y periódicamente cierre de Danzig y el corredor "polaco", una franja de tierra a través del cual los alemanes de acuerdo con los aliados victoriosos se les permitió el libre acceso entre Prusia Oriental Central y Alemania. Como dijo el ex general y gran historiador militar alemán Gerd Schultze-Rhonhof demuestra de manera exhaustiva (aunque no a satisfacción de la prensa alemana obsesivamente antinacionales) en 1939: Der Krieg, der viele Väter sombrero (1939: la guerra que había muchos padres), la negociación de Hitler la posición en el trato con la dictadura militar de Polonia hasta el 3 de septiembre de 1939, era en realidad bastante razonable.

El Hitler de mayor demanda desde el otro lado era el control conjunto polaco-alemán sobre Danzig y las garantías de que los alemanes se les permitiría pasar a través del corredor sin hostigamiento militar polaco. It should be possible (although perhaps it is not) to document Polish abuses of German minorities, without being accused of being in love with Hitler. De la misma manera que sería razonable (y tal vez ayudar a una periodista ambiciosa en su profesión de izquierda), al punto que lo que Stalin devorado después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial fue lo que Churchill y Roosevelt había ayudado a poner en el plato.


Huelga decir que yo podía hacer esta observación, a diferencia de discutir provocación de Polonia en septiembre de 1939, sin correr el riesgo de ser llamado un simpatizante nazi.

Rhonhof y el ruso (judío) historiador Dmitrij Chmelnizki, ambos de los cuales hacer frente al estallido de la guerra en el Oriente, no niegan la brutalidad del régimen de Hitler. Su conclusión, sin embargo, es que los otros beligerantes tenían algo que ver con la incitación a la guerra. Y la falta de voluntad de los aliados para abordar el tratamiento de condenados de las minorías alemanas en los Estados sucesores que se admite después de la Primera Guerra Mundial añadido a las tensiones que contribuyen a la próxima guerra europea. No tenía la cabeza del Estado alemán en 1939 fue Hitler, pero cualquier patriota alemán, él también, con toda probabilidad habría presionado al gobierno polaco en el mismo Hitler quejas planteadas.

Hanson hace otras declaraciones que recuerdan a la propaganda aliada durante o inmediatamente después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Continúa acerca de cómo Inglaterra, de pie, solo, "salvó la civilización occidental entre septiembre de 1939 y junio de 1941." De hecho tan tarde como "diciembre de 1941, el odds-estaban todos en favor de las potencias del Eje". Por otra parte, la única razón de que "Alemania, Italia y Japón fueron transformados de regímenes monstruosos en los estados liberales cuya democracias han hecho mucho por la humanidad" es que a diferencia de nuestro tratamiento demasiado indulgente de las potencias centrales después de la Primera Guerra Mundial, se tomó un tiempo para "vigilar "Nuestros enemigos justamente aplastado.


A pocos rectificaciones estaría en orden. La RAF fue más que un partido para la Luftwaffe durante la Batalla de Inglaterra, y después de 11 de marzo 1941, los EE.UU. estaba prestando apoyo material a la parte británica en forma de Lend Lease y la dotación de las bases británicas en el Atlántico. Uno también puede notar que los británicos estaban lejos de ser coherente en la defensa de la civilización occidental, incluso en la forma de los aliados que supuestamente fue a la guerra otra vez. Cuando aliado de los nazis de Stalin antiguo atacó la Rusia soviética, Churchill y Anthony Eden corrió a traicionar a los polacos, por ceder a la tiranía soviética, la parte oriental de Polonia, que había adquirido durante su alianza con Hitler. Tampoco es posible dar a las probabilidades de ganar la guerra al Eje, en particular cuando el país más poderoso del mundo, los EE.UU., se movía para entrar en el conflicto, tan pronto como FDR podría tener su camino. Nada de esto es tomar el crédito fuera de los británicos para resistir el verdadero eje del mal, el nazi-soviético, pacto de no agresión, en 1940, después de la caída de Francia. Pero no hay razón para exagerar la ventaja por Hitler en una guerra en la que se extendido demasiado, con muy limitados recursos energéticos. Su ataque a Rusia bien puede haber sido necesarios para obtener los suministros de petróleo, sin el cual estaba condenado a su lado.

Hanson intento de atribuir el comportamiento reciente de Niza de los alemanes para el control de la "" Lo hicimos después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, una actividad que al parecer no se pudo realizar después de que el Tratado de Versalles, es indeciblemente ingenuo. En los últimos ocho meses de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los británicos y los estadounidenses se incineran más de 700.000 civiles alemanes y destruido alrededor del cuarenta por ciento de las ciudades alemanas, y en particular los barrios históricos de ciudades alemanas, incluyendo esos objetivos "militares", como las catedrales, las universidades, y palacios . Esto, más la necesidad de reasentar a unos 15 millones de alemanes, que fueron expulsados de Europa oriental, y los efectos anti-nacional del trabajo forzoso volver a América "educación" a la población alemana derrotados, crearon una nación pacifista y, de hecho desmoralizado. Tal vez si hubiéramos bendijo a nuestros enemigos con más bombas atómicas y de fosfato, la "democracia" que luego le dio en ellas habría sido una bendición aún mayor para la "humanidad".


¡Ay mi memoria puede estar fallando. Pero no puedo recordar que el "régimen monstruoso", en contraposición a uno incompetente, autoritario, que establecieron Mussolini en Italia. Y también soy incapaz de descubrir la "liberal" de régimen hacia el que nos han ayudado a los alemanes ascender. El estado de las libertades civiles en ese país es hoy más precaria de lo que jamás podría imaginar que se convierta en Estados Unidos de Obama. Organizada "antifascistas" destrozar los locales de "reaccionaria" de publicaciones y atacar a sus críticos en la calle, mientras que la policía ignora estas agresiones. Mientras tanto, los críticos de la inmigración y los sospechosos de negación del Holocausto (sea cual sea el término puede significar la ampliación por ahora) son amenazados con multas y penas de cárcel. Antinacionalismo practica con una bota militar se ha convertido en el estado de credo en el único Estado alemán que Hanson aprobaría, pero ni la tolerancia ni la libertad, parece que se han beneficiado de nuestro terror, bombardeo y posterior re-los esfuerzos educativos en esa parte del mundo.

Como alguien que ha estudiado de cerca el Segundo Imperio Alemán, también soy consciente de cómo la zaga la Alemania actual en la protección de los derechos constitucionales y la libertad académica, en la limitación de la potestad tributaria del Estado o en el adelanto de las ciencias y las humanidades. Historiadores como Niall Ferguson y Eberhard Straub he explayado sobre los muchos logros políticos, económicos e intelectuales del Segundo Imperio Alemán, y Straub, biógrafo del Kaiser pasado, contrasta las libertades civiles de Alemania en el siglo XX a los antifascistas snooping régimen en el que su país vive ahora. Ferguson hace que el punto en la Casa de Rothschild que Alemania en el siglo XIX como bastante Judios tratados como cualquier otro país europeo. Judios alemanes educados se encontraban entre los líderes económicos y profesionales del Imperio, y el magnate judío buque Albert Ballin fue uno de los mejores amigos del Kaiser personal y, no sorprendentemente, un ferviente nacionalista alemán. Alemanes de entonces también podría jactarse de la mejor educada y más próspera de la clase trabajadora en el mundo, y sus universidades y fundaciones educativas y científicas han logrado renombre internacional.

Hoy en día en lo que se imagina Hanson es el único estado bien que los alemanes han disfrutado, bandas errantes, con el apoyo implícito de los poderes fácticos, quemar "fascista" edificios periódico. Los que formaron las Brigadas Rojas en la década de 1970 han sido capaces de ocupar los pasillos del poder, y los dineros públicos y la coacción del gobierno se utilizan para llevar a cabo una "lucha contra (una gran parte marginados) correcto". Alemán las ciudades del interior están llenos de musulmanes, que a menudo los medios islámicos, las poblaciones de clase baja, y la desmoralización "reeducados" alemanes nativos tienen la tasa de natalidad más bajas de Europa. Quizás una vez que la población alemana Europea desaparece por completo, después de que el país ha entregado su soberanía, sin someterlo a votación popular, a la UE, Hanson y otros neoconservadores que tienen lo que quieren, una Alemania que ha bendecido a la humanidad por desaparecer para siempre.



8 de septiembre 2009
Paul Gottfried [enviarle correo electrónico] es Horacio Raffensperger Profesor de Humanidades en Elizabethtown College y autor de la multiculturalidad y la política de la culpa, la extraña muerte del marxismo, y el conservadurismo en América: El sentido de la derecha estadounidense.


Copyright © 2009 por LewRockwell.com. Permiso para reimprimir en su totalidad o en parte, se concedió con gusto, siempre se le da el crédito completo.



Among the neoconservatives’ kept pontificators on modern history, Victor Davis Hanson may well be the most ridiculous. A respectable scholar when writing about Greek hoplites and other aspects of ancient military history, Hanson becomes a raving maniac as soon as he puts on his neocon spectacles. His latest syndicated column, "World War II: Unfashionable Truths" illustrates this process of transformation.

On the seventieth anniversary of the outbreak of World War Two, Hanson is in a tizzy about "revisionist histories," for example, those that "blame Germany’s aggressions on the supposedly harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles." Does Hanson believe that a treaty that stripped Germany of a third of its territories and placed millions of its citizens under hostile foreign regimes, such as Polish rule in West Prussia and Danzig, was only "supposedly harsh?" Was the reduction of Austria from a great empire to a shrunken ward of Europe at the hands of the Allies or the attempted reduction of Turkey in the Treaty of Sèvres to a principality around Ankara, a fate that, by the way, only the military brilliance of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk kept from happening, look anything like just peace terms? According to Hanson, "Versailles was more lenient than what Germany had planned for Britain and France should they have won in 1918." Moreover, "the terms imposed on a defeated Russia by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in early 1918" was far harsher than the comeuppance the Germans got at Versailles in 1919.

These generalizations are so breathtakingly one-sided that one wonders what research Hanson has done to reach his flawed opinions. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which the German Empire, then at war in the West, concluded with Lenin’s regime in March 1918, was intended to release both food and war matériel to a blockaded country. The Germans took what they could, which was the Western part of European Russia, to carry on a grim military struggle they would soon lose. As historian Egmont Zechlin has observed, the German gains at Brest-Litovsk should be viewed as Kriegsmittel (means of continuing a fight) rather than as Kriegsziele (war aims). They represented the same kind of military-diplomatic measure as the Treaty of London, signed in April 1915, the bait by which the British tempted Italy into joining the bloodbath. The effect of that treaty, only parts of which were (fortunately) ever implemented, would have dragged millions of unwilling subjects, mostly South Slavs and Austrians, into an expanded Italian empire. Needless to say, the victorious Allies did nothing to return territory to Lenin’s government that had been taken by the Germans. They divided this land among their client states, which were either brought into existence or expanded as a counterweight to Germany. The Allies also used these states to contain a crippled Austria and an amputated Hungary. As for the "harsher" treaties that Hanson claims the Germans had in store for the Brits and the French had they won, since he doesn’t elaborate, we’ll treat this comment as mere space-filler.


Note all of this is lead-up to going after the name that dare not be mentioned, that of Pat B, who has treated the Second World War as a confrontation that could have been limited to Germany and Russia. Although I for one have expressed some disagreement with Pat’s argument about the likelihood of Hitler’s going directly for Russia after occupying Western Poland, I would like to make one point crystal (pardon the pun!) clear. Buchanan has every right to argue what he does without being called a Nazi or Nazi-sympathizer. Further, everything he has written about World War One is entirely correct, although Pat may understate the role of the British government (and particularly of Churchill) in greasing the skids for the Great War.

Pat’s assignment of at least some responsibility to what Hanson calls "neutral Poland" in fanning hostilities with Germany seems indisputable. The Polish government in the mid- and late 1930s went on the rampage inciting violence against Germans and periodically closing off Danzig and the "Polish Corridor," a strip of land through which Germans by agreement with the victorious Allies were allowed free access between East Prussia and Central Germany. As former German major general and military historian Gerd-Schultze Rhonhof demonstrates exhaustively (although not to the satisfaction of the obsessively antinational German press) in 1939: Der Krieg, der viele Väter hat (1939: The War that Had Many Fathers), Hitler’s bargaining position in dealing with Poland’s military dictatorship up until September 3, 1939, was actually quite reasonable.

The most Hitler demanded from the other side was joint German-Polish control over Danzig and assurances that Germans would be permitted to move through the Corridor without Polish military harassment. It should be possible (although perhaps it is not) to document Polish abuses of German minorities, without being accused of being in love with Hitler. In the same way it would be reasonable (and perhaps even helpful to an ambitious journalist in his leftist profession) to point out that what Stalin devoured after the Second World War was what Churchill and FDR had helped put on his plate.


Needless to say, I could make this observation, unlike discussing Polish provocation in September 1939, without running the risk of being called a Nazi-sympathizer.

Rhonhof and the Russian (Jewish) historian Dmitrij Chmelnizki, both of whom deal with the outbreak of the war in the East, do not deny the brutality of Hitler’s regime. Their conclusion, however, is that other belligerents had something to do with inciting the war. And the unwillingness of the Allies to address the wretched treatment of German minorities in the successor states they supported after World War One added to the tensions contributing to the next European war. Had the German head of state in 1939 not been Hitler but any patriotic German, he too in all likelihood would have pressed the Polish government on the same grievances Hitler raised.

Hanson makes other statements that recall Allied propaganda during or right after World War Two. He goes on about how England, standing alone, "saved Western civilization between September 1939 and June 1941." Indeed as late as "December 1941 the odds were all in favor of the Axis powers." Moreover, the only reason that "Germany, Italy and Japan were transformed from monstrous regimes into liberal states whose democracies have done much for humanity" is that unlike our overly lenient treatment of the Central Powers after World War One, we took time to "monitor" our justly crushed enemies.


A few rectifications would be in order. The RAF was more than a match for the Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain; and after March 11, 1941, the US was extending material support to the British side in the form of Lend Lease and manning British bases in the Atlantic. One might also note that the British were far from consistent in defending Western civilization, even in the form of the allies they supposedly went to war over. When Stalin’s erstwhile Nazi ally attacked Soviet Russia, Churchill and Anthony Eden ran to betray the Poles, by yielding to the Soviet tyrant the Eastern part of Poland, which he had acquired during his alliance with Hitler. Nor is it possible to give the odds for winning the war to the Axis, particularly when the world’s most powerful country, the US, was moving to enter the conflict, as quickly as FDR could have his way. None of this is to take credit away from the British for resisting the true Axis of Evil, the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact, in 1940 after the fall of France. But there is no reason to overstate the advantage enjoyed by Hitler in a war in which he overextended himself, with extremely limited energy resources. His attack on Russia may well have been necessary to gain oil supplies, without which his side was doomed.

Hanson’s attempt to ascribe the recent nice behavior of the Germans to the "monitoring" we did after World War Two, an activity that we apparently failed to perform after the Treaty of Versailles, is inexpressibly naïve. In the last eight months of World War Two, the British and Americans incinerated over 700,000 German civilians and obliterated about forty percent of German cities, and particularly the historic areas of German cities, including such "military" targets as cathedrals, universities, and palaces. This, plus the need to resettle about 15 million Germans, who were driven out of Eastern Europe, and the anti-national effects of forced American "re-education" upon the defeated German population, created a pacifistic and indeed demoralized nation. Perhaps if we had blessed our enemies with more phosphate and atomic bombs, the "democracy" we then bestowed on them would have been an even greater boon for "humanity."


Alas my memory may be failing. But I can’t recall that "monstrous regime," as opposed to an incompetent, authoritarian one, that Mussolini established in Italy. And I’m also unable to discover the "liberal" regime toward which we have helped the Germans ascend. The state of civil liberties in that country is today more precarious than I could ever imagine it becoming in Obama’s America. Organized "antifascists" vandalize the premises of "reactionary" publications and attack their critics on the street, while the police ignore these assaults. Meanwhile immigration-critics and those suspected of Holocaust-denial (whatever that expanding term may mean by now) are threatened with fines and jail sentences. Antinationalism practiced with a jackboot has become the state-creed of the only German state that Hanson would approve of, but neither tolerance nor freedom seems to have benefited from our terror-bombing and subsequent re-educational efforts in that part of the world.

As someone who has closely studied the German Second Empire, I’m also unaware of how it lagged behind present-day Germany in its protection of constitutional rights and academic freedom, in the limits placed on the taxing power of the state or in the advancement of the sciences and humanities. Historians such as Niall Ferguson and Eberhard Straub have dwelled on the many political, economic, and intellectual accomplishments of the German Second Empire, and Straub, a biographer of the last Kaiser, contrasts the civil liberties of Germany in the early twentieth century to the antifascist snooping regime under which his country now lives. Ferguson makes the point in The House of Rothschild that Germany in the late nineteenth century treated Jews as fairly as any other European country. Educated German Jews were among the Empire’s economic and professional leaders, and the Jewish ship magnate Albert Ballin was one of the Kaiser’s closest personal friends and, not surprisingly, a fervent German nationalist. Germans back then could also boast of the best-educated and most prosperous working class in the world, and their universities and educational and scientific foundations had achieved international renown.

Today in what Hanson imagines is the only good state the Germans have ever enjoyed, roving gangs, with the implicit support of the powers that be, burn down "fascist" newspaper buildings. Those who formed Red Brigades in the 1970s have been able to occupy the corridors of power, and public moneys and government coercion are used to carry on a "struggle against (a largely marginalized) right." German inner cities are full of Muslim, which often means Islamicist, underclass populations, and the demoralized "reeducated" native Germans have the lowest birth rate in Europe. Perhaps once the European German population disappears entirely, after the country has surrendered its sovereignty, without a popular vote, to the EU, Hanson and other neocons will have what they want, a Germany that has blessed humanity by vanishing forever.



September 8, 2009
Paul Gottfried [send him mail] is Horace Raffensperger Professor of Humanities at Elizabethtown College and author of Multiculturalism and the Politics of Guilt, The Strange Death of Marxism, and Conservatism in America: Making Sense of the American Right.


Copyright © 2009 by LewRockwell.com. Permission to reprint in whole or in part is gladly granted, provided full credit is given.




martes, 1 de septiembre de 2009

Rusia condena a UK, Francia y Polonia de haber entrado en la guerra. Los tres países a su vez condenan a Rusia.

Que interesante, ingleses y franceses y polacos culpan el tratao de no agresión entre la URSS y Alemania como palanca para que Hitler invadiera Polonia, haciendo a URSS/Rusia responsable medianamente también en el inicio de la guerra.

Rusia invadió Polonia 15 días después de Alemania pero nadie le declaró la guerra, nadie le culpa mucho hasta ahora. Rusia nunca se ha disculpado de esa invasión aparentemente injustiificada, menso aun se ha disculpado por los 20,000 oficiales polacos asesinados a manos de las fuerzas rusas en el bosque de Kaytn y que los rusos ponian como un crímen cometido por los alemanes, pero no fué así. (¿ Mentiritas con los muertos ? Algo me dice que mucho de los campos de concentración es así también, mentiras convenientes)

Pero Rusia desclasifica documentos donde se ve que Polonia también tenía ambiciones expansionistas antes de la guerra, como lo muestra su anexación de territorios originalmente de Checoslovaquia en 1938 y más aun donde hay muestras de colaboración entre polacos y alemanes para atacar a la URSS/ Rusia.

También Rusia declara que fue la mala política de Francia e Inglaterra la que propició el inicio de hostilidades de la mano de su tratado con Alemania de 1938.

Que bonito es verlos tratando de librarse de sus culpas: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1210264/Putin-condemns-Moscow-signing-1939-treaty-Berlin--blames-Britain-wartime-pacts-Nazi-Germany.html

Hace 70 años... En 1939 Polonia se creía capaz de atacar Berlin.

La agredida Polonia en 1939 se creía capaz de agredir Berlin.


Alemania sabía que muy posiblemente dada su delicada posición geográfica tarde o temprano sería atacada desde el oriente (URSS, Polonia) o desde occidente (Francia) ante ello y con pretexto del espacio vital, el Lebensraum que no es otra cosa según mi óptica que el deseo de recuperar los grandes territorios que le fueron arrebatados y concedidos a Polonia junto al infame Tratado de Versalles tras la Primera Guerra Mundial. El condenado y temido Drag nach Osten o marcha al oriente no es más que el deseo de recuperar las tierras conquistadas originalmente hacía un milenio casi por La Orden de los Caballeros Teutones, que al paso del tiempo y con oscilaciones históricas terminaron siendo territorios alemanes como Prusia (Brandenburgo-Prusia), Silesia y Pomerania en el imperio de Wilhelm II.

Si Adolfo Hitler fue nefasto para Alemania y el mundo más lo fué entonces el Tratado de Versalles que favoreció la figura y surgimiento de un caudillo como Hitler apoyado en el sufrimiento y coraje de su pueblo despojado. Más aun la segunda guerra mundial, guste o no fue el ultimo intento de un pueblo y nación de librarse de los alcances funestos y globalizadores idiotizantes de la civilización occidental (anglo-sajona-judía), el ultimo intento de un país de tener otra vía, de dar al espalda al sistema financiero internacional esclavizante (anglosajón judío) y de sentirse orgulloso y sin culpas de ser lo que son.

Cual es el problema del ario (real, no la basura supremacista y neonazi indisciplinada que anda por ahí con tatuajes en sentirse orgulloso) aveces me parece que el que no lo es no se siente orgulloso de sí y entonces en lugar de fortalecer su vida, sus acciones cotidianas y sentirse orgulloso de lo que es y hace o ha sido, prefiere impedir que el que si es orgulloso de sí limite sus festejos y así no le haga sentir menos.

Y digo lo anterior considerando que ni soy ario, ni blanco caucásico ni de origen extranjero, soy un mexicano común un poco menos típico pero mexicano. Pero en mi caso me siento orgulloso de lo que soy y he sido y a mi no me menoscaban.

De este modo la segunda guerra inició, no solo era una lucha política si no de convicciones y perspectivas diferentes del nacionalsocialismo enfrentado contra el materialismo capitalista y el socialista, engendrados ambos por buen número de judíos, que simplemente le apostaron a uno y otro lado a ver cual de los dos sistemas subsistía.

Si entonces el nacionalsocialismo era el enemigo a vencer ¿ Por que tanto afán de los aliados en borrar y desaparecer cualquier traza de Prusia, corazón del orgullo militarista alemán ? Por que Prusia representaba la parte más alta de ese orgullo nacional, militarista sí, pero también de valores que en mucho atentaban contra los imperios viejos como el inglés. Si consideramos que los valores o virtudes prusianas eran organización perfecta, disciplina, sacrificio, obediencia a la ley, obediencia a la autoridad, confiabilidad tolerancia (religiosa), honestidad, frugalidad, puntualidad, modestia, diligencia, veremos que no le haría mal una buena dosis de esto a nuestra sociedad actual, enajenada, incapaz de sacrificarse, pensando siempre en su bien egoista-materialista, destructora de vida sobre la Tierra.

Churchill, ese genocida prófugo de la historia, es sabido que tenía profundo resentimiento y desprecio por Alemania, Alemania aun con Hitler no deseaba la guerra contra Inglaterra e incluso veían un modo de coexistir, sin embargo como la historia es del vencedeor y nos acostumbramos a ver las cosas cotidianas como la manera en que deben ser, se nos escapa a al vista que el imperio más nefasto de la historia ha sido el inglés y Churchil lquería postergar ese estatus a lo cual la sombra de un poderío alemán le significaba lo contrario. Inglaterra llego a tener más del 50% de lo territorios del mundo bajo su poder en su epoca colonial. Hitler ofreció paz a Inglaterra, el verdadero enemigo estaba en el oriente, el bolchevismo y en buscar la revancha contra Francia (1871, 1918, 1941) no en hacer la guerra contra Inglaterra, sin embargo para el Reino Unido había que eliminar al potencial competidor lo antes posible. Que gusto me da ver que Inglaterra hoy no es más que una potencia segundona que ha perdido todo menos sus infulas imperiales, ridículas operando como patiño de Estados Unidos, será que la judeo-masonería ha unido los destinos de ambas naciones de un modo tal que resulta difícil ya identificar.

La segunda guerra para mí, aun con todos sus muertos no es más que la justificación actual del sistema capitalisa- anglosajón judío - explotador, flaso - enajenante - con su burla de democracia para prevalecer e imponerse como verdad y camino a seguir.

Una democracia mediatica embrutecedora, es más para mi la democracia es disctadura pues nuna me han dado a elegir si deseo democracia u otro sistema de gobierno. La libertad actual y tolerancias no son más que libertinajes e indolencias cada vez mayores en una sociedad sin ambiciones, ni orgullo, donde palabras como honor, dignidad, respeto, orgullo y disciplina les suenan ridículas, los valores de hoy son dinero, posesiones, estatus, basura materialista emanada ya sabemos de donde.

En lo que a mí respecta no puedo condenar la 2GM ni lo haré, muertos y sufirmiento siempre los hay y los ha habido lo unico que cambia y repugna es como los justifica cada quien, yo no encuentor diferencia entre el ataque a Danzig de 1939 PARA RECUPERARLO por parte de los alemanes y las invasiones a Afganistán, Irak, Granda, Vietnam y tantas otras o las carnicerías aberrantes de israelíes en Palestina. Lo que hace la diferencia la fin es quien fue el victorioso o quien posee los medios de información y aplanamiento de mentes y conciencias.

La lección de historia es que el victorioso no abuse del vencido pues puede resultar contraproducente, en lo que a vidas y sufrimiento humano se refeire, si es que eso es el aspecto que interesa realmente.


A nivel local ¿ Saben alguien la sintenciones de Hitler para México ? Cárdenas ese pusilánime expropió el petroleo a ingléses y estadouinidenses para posteriormente venderselso unicamente a ellos y fortalecerles, mermando cualquier posibilidad estratégica para México de crecer como país, será que nuevamente la judeo-masonería tuvo algo que ver en ello.

He visto noticias de telegramas de Hitler felicitando a Lázaro Cárdenas, así que no me vengana decir que el Reich buscaba el exterminio de los mexicanos ni quieran hacer que la guerra de otros y su bando sea el mío.







Y no se confundan, no es qu elo justifique pero definitivamente no aceptaré que me digan que le mundo de hoy es mejor y mas justo y noble al haber vencido a los nazis, eso es una estupidez, sufrieminto y crueldad la hay aun hoy y la seguirá habiendo aparentemente. Particularmente creo que si hubieran ganado los nazis el paneta Tierra estaría menos dañado. Y lo más paradojico y abusurdamente humano es ver hoy día a los enemigos saludarse y juntos evocar al compañero muerto a manso del otro y descubrir que al final de cuentas podrían haber sido buenos amigos, en otro tiempo y en otras circunstancias.

Sobre los crímenes alemanes:



Sobre los crímenes de los "bueno" aliados ingleses y estadounidenses, bombardeos injustificados como el de Dresden y no, no es pretexto revisionista, es simplemente un claro ejemplo de crímenes de guerra no condenados:








Otro más de los "buenos" estadounidenses: HIroshima y Nagasaki. Secondena más el campo de concentración a mal vivir pero vivir que esta pulverización atómica de gente, no hay mejor y peor simplemente ambos en todo caso son condenables, al menso deberían de serlo si son coherentes con sus posturas.

lunes, 31 de agosto de 2009

Se reajustan las cifras...

Un poco menos de víctimas polacas es el resultado del más reciente calculo de decesos en la segunda guerra para Polonia.

http://www.expatica.com/de/news/german-news/Polish-experts-lower-nation_s-WWII-death-toll--_55843.html

Polish experts lower nation's WWII death toll
The Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) said its researchers now put the figure at between 5.62 million and 5.82 million rather than the estimated figure 6.028 million used in communist-era Poland.
Warsaw -- At least 208,000 fewer Polish citizens died in World War II than the long-held toll of six million, a Polish organisation that probes the crimes of the past said last week.

The Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) said its researchers now put the figure at between 5.62 million and 5.82 million rather than the estimated figure 6.028 million used in communist-era Poland.

The IPN's figures include Polish Jews -- who made up around half of the six million Jews from across Europe who perished in Nazi Germany's Holocaust -- as well as non-Jewish Poles and other ethnic groups.

According to the IPN, between 5.47 million and 5.67 million Polish citizens died at the hands of the Nazis. Some 150,000 perished under the Soviets.

Berlin and Moscow had signed a pact to carve up Poland in 1939, and imposed a reign of terror in their respective zones after invading that September.

Germany turned on its erstwhile ally in 1941, invading the Soviet Union. The Red Army imposed communist rule in Poland as it drove back the Nazis in 1944-1945.

The IPN said it had also reduced the number of Poles deported to Siberia by the Soviets after 1939 from one million to 320,000.

In addition, it lowered the number of civilians who died during the failed two-month Warsaw Uprising against the Germans in 1944 -- mostly in massacres by Nazi troops -- to 150,000 from the previous estimate of 200,000.

The IPN -- created a decade after the fall of Poland's communist regime in 1989 -- was set up to research and prosecute crimes dating from both the war and the communist era.

In June, it launched a vast operation to create a name-by-name Internet list of Polish war victims.

AFP/Expatica

A 70 años, memorias y consideraciones del embajador de UK en Alemania de Mayo de 1937 a Spetiembre 1939

Göring y Hitler defendían una Gran Bretaña como imperio de ultramar y que se tolerara una Alemania como imperio contiental. Cuestión de números: UK y su imperio representaba 4o millones de kilómetros cuadrados, Rusia 19 millones, Estados Unidos 9.5 millones mientras que Alemania solo tenía menos de 600 mil kilómetros cuadrados.

Sabido es por quienes gustan de la historia que Alemania no quería guerra con el Reino Unido, y que fué este quien declaró la guerra a Alemania y no lo contrario. Todo por un país llamado Polonia ¿ Tan importante era ?



http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/article6815537.ece

It is 70 years since war broke out in 1939, but historic questions remain. “Appeasement” is still a dirty word, but so is “war-monger”. President Bush repeatedly used the memory of Winston Churchill in 1940 to justify his wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Revisionist historians question whether Neville Chamberlain, the architect of the 1930s appeasement policy, had any choice. One witness was Sir Nevile Henderson, who published his account in Failure of a Mission.

Henderson was Neville Chamberlain’s Ambassador to Germany in the period immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War. He arrived in Berlin early in May 1937. As Ambassador he came to know all the leading Nazis, and had several interviews with Hitler himself. He was chosen as the envoy for Chamberlain’s policy of appeasement.

Before he left for Germany, Henderson had interviews with the outgoing Prime Minister, Stanley Baldwin, and with his successor, Chamberlain. “Both Mr Chamberlain and Mr Baldwin agreed that I should do my utmost to work with Hitler and the Nazi party and the existing Government of Germany ... nobody strove harder for an honourable and just peace than I did. But that all my efforts were condemned to failure was due to the fanatical megalomania and blind self-confidence of a single individual.”

We are all familiar with a collective portrait of the Nazi leaders derived from Hitler’s last days in the bunker and the Nuremberg Trials. Henderson’s book was written in the period immediately after the war had begun, even before the fall of France. May 1937 seen from April 1940 is very different from May 1937 seen from our postwar perspective.

“Hitler had been in power for over four years, and during that period had achieved gigantic progress in the military, industrial and moral reorganisation of Germany. It was patent that she could no longer be coerced except by the actual use of force . . . Germany was being militarised from the cradle to the grave.”

In 1937, Henderson was invited by Hermann Goering to stay at his hunting lodge and shoot a couple of stags. They discussed Anglo-German relations. “His idea of an understanding between Great Britain and Germany was an agreement limited to two clauses. In the first, Germany would recognise the supreme position of Great Britain overseas and undertake to put all her resources at the disposal of the British Empire in case of need. By the second, Great Britain would recognise the predominant continental position of Germany in Europe, and undertake to do nothing to hinder her legitimate expansion.”

Hitler certainly attached importance to the idea of an Anglo-German entente, giving Germany a free hand in Europe. In such an agreement Britain would have inevitably become the junior partner, dependent on Germany and indeed on Hitler.

Henderson recounts the tragic process to war as he observed it; the takeover of Austria in March 1938 accelerated the tempo of the crisis. On March 3, Henderson had an interview with Hitler. “I was received in the old Reich Chancery, and was asked to sit down on a big sofa against the wall facing the window. On my left, on a small stool, was Dr Schmidt taking notes. On his left again, in a semi-circle sat Hitler, and next to him and facing me, Herr von Ribbentrop ... Hitler was in a vile temper, and made no effort to conceal it.”

After Austria came Czechoslovakia and the Munich crisis of late September 1938, in which Henderson believed that Goering led a peace party inside the Nazi leadership. At least according to the propaganda spin, there was a meeting at which Goering attacked Ribbentrop for incitement to war — itself hardly seen as a crime among Nazi leaders. Goering apparently shouted that he knew what war was and did not want to go through it again. If, however, the Führer said “march” he would go himself in the first aeroplane. His one condition would be that Ribbentrop should be in the seat next to him. He also called Ribbentrop a “criminal fool”. Both men ended up in the dock at Nuremberg; Goering committed suicide and Ribbentrop was hanged.

At Munich Germany acquired the Sudetenland; in March 1939, Hitler occupied the rest of Czechoslovakia. Step by step, the world was taken to war. On August 23, Germany signs a non-aggression treaty with the Soviet Union; on September 1, Germany invaded Poland. On September 3 Britain declared war.

On August 25 Hitler gave his last interview to Henderson. This was two days after the signing of the Nazi-Soviet pact and six days before the invasion of Poland. In effect, Hitler repeated the offer that Goering had made two years before. He even attempted to counter the argument that such a deal would put Germany in the dominant position.

“The British Empire embraces 40 million square kilometres; Russia 19 million square kilometres, America nine-and-a-half million square kilometres, whereas Germany embraces less than six hundred thousand square kilometres.” Hitler went on to propose that Germany should guarantee the British Empire. Hitler’s offer was conditional on a settlement of the Polish dispute; Chamberlain himself was pressing the Poles to surrender Danzig.

Hitler stated: “If the British Government would consider these ideas, a blessing for Germany and also for the British Empire might result. If it rejects these ideas there will be war.” There was war.

The conclusion seems to be that war could not have been avoided in 1939, because Hitler could never be trusted and because he actually wanted a war. At least the British public knew that Chamberlain had wholly devoted himself to his failed mission of peace. Perhaps Chamberlain was the right Prime Minister in 1937, as Churchill certainly was in 1940.

domingo, 30 de agosto de 2009

A 70 años, polonia sigue traumada y resentida.

A mi que me disculpen sus muertos pero esas visiones y actitudes rencorosas, revanchistas no dejan ver de fondo más que un mediocre desempeño como país, mediocre emocional y materialmente en tanto culpan los acontecimientos de hace 70 años como causa de su situación actual y pasada inmediata así como los usan comomedio de coerción para lograr más poder dentro de la UE sin mérito real, simplemente el poder del chantaje y la lastimita. Polonia no seas mediocre, crece ya, no culpes a otros si en 70 añso no has hecho nada y ni en los ultimos 20 no tiene que ver ya ni con Hitler, ni con las SS ni con tus judíos muertos ni con la URSS o Ribbentrop-Molotov o la OTAN, tienen que ver con tu incapacidad para hacer algo.

70 years on, Poland's WWII wounds haven't healed

WARSAW, Poland — Back home in Germany, Erika Steinbach is hardly a household name. But in neighboring Poland she is a national hate figure, caricatured on magazine covers as a Nazi in SS uniform.

Her offense, in Polish eyes, is that she claims to speak for the millions of ethnic Germans who were expelled from their homes in Poland and elsewhere in eastern Europe after World War II. These accusers say she is revising history and drawing a moral parallel between the cruelties the Germans inflicted and the sufferings they later endured.

The recriminations go to the heart of the resentments that still bubble up from the war that broke out with Hitler's attack on Poland on Sept. 1, 1939.

Today, as Polish, German and Russian leaders join on Tuesday to mark the anniversary, Polish-German relations are at one level an idyll of open borders and shared membership in the prosperous, democratic European Union.

But at another level, they are one rancorous episode after another: a Polish prime minister demanding greater voting power in European forums to make up for Poland's war-related loss of population; a German magazine article that stirs Polish outrage by saying Germany had the willing help of Poles and others in executing its genocidal actions; and now a new museum in Berlin, championed by Steinbach, that will exhibit the hardships of the world's refugees through history, especially the wartime Germans.

Steinbach, 67, strenuously denies minimizing Poland's afflictions. But she is a lightning rod for Poles' fears that future generations of Germans will grow up in a historical muddle about the war and its aftermath.

"We'll probably reach a point — and we are hearing this already — that Germans suffered equally because someone expelled them from somewhere and that they were killed as well," complains Jacek Patoka, a 42-year-old Polish businessman.

What irks the Poles most is Steinbach and her Federation of the Expellees, the group that demands recognition of the suffering inflicted on some 14 million Germans when the postwar borders were redrawn and they were driven out of their homes.

When Steinbach pushed for the Berlin museum, Poland's government was indignant, seeing it as a sign that Germans were trying to play down their crimes and highlight their own suffering and resistance to Hitler's regime.

"We don't like these activities," said Romualda Tudrej, an 82-year-old woman who fought in Poland's anti-Nazi resistance. "The Germans are unfortunately changing history a little. There's a new generation now and this generation wants to have heroes, and not the bandits that it actually had for ancestors."

As tempers rose, Poland lobbied to block Steinbach's appointment to head the board of the planned museum. It would be tantamount to putting a Holocaust-denier in charge of relations with Israel, charged Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, an Auschwitz survivor and Polish government representative on German issues, in an interview with Poland's Dziennik newspaper.

After much discussion between Warsaw and Berlin, Poland last year consented to a German government-backed museum in Berlin to be called the "Center against Expulsions." That was after it was assured by Chancellor Angela Merkel that the exhibit would include information on expulsions of other peoples worldwide and throughout history.

At a gathering of Steinbach's federation Aug. 23, Merkel defended the idea, saying that the history of flight and expulsions is "part of our national identity and part of our shared cultural memory." But she insisted it did not mean Germany wants to diminish its responsibility for starting the war.

"We will not forget: This was a direct consequence of the German war and the Nazi tyranny," she said. "Yes, we admit our responsibility for the darkest chapter in Germany's history — there is no reinterpretation of history."

Many Poles are still not convinced, and to them, Steinbach's own biography is salt in their wounds: Her family was not native to Poland, but came there when her father was assigned to the German occupation forces as a Luftwaffe technician.

Steinbach represents Merkel's Christian Democratic Union in the parliament, which sharpens Polish suspicions that her views are close to the mainstream.

Steinbach's supporters say she is being maligned. They note that she has distanced herself from even more controversial efforts by a tiny number of Germans to regain prewar family property now in Poland.

At her federation's gathering, she made a point of stressing that Nazi Germany was ultimately responsible for the fate of the expelled Germans. "Our fate was preceded by something atrocious," she said.

But she insisted that her country had the right to commemorate the plight of Germans who faced "malice and viciousness" when forced from parts of Eastern Europe. Some were killed, beaten or murdered in revenge by Poles, Czechs and others.

Both Poland and Germany preserve reminders of the war. The Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church, with its spire broken by Allied bombing and never restored, is a landmark of the Berlin cityscape. In Warsaw's war museum, the first thing visitors see is rubble salvaged from the capital's bombed royal castle, a historic seat of Polish kings, sending a clear message that the best of the nation was demolished by Nazi atrocities.

Now Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk has launched plans for another war museum in Gdansk, a city with a mixed German and Polish history that took some of the opening salvos of the war.

Gdansk is where Merkel and Russian Prime Minister Vladmir Putin will join Polish President Lech Kaczynski and Prime Minister Tusk in commemorating the outbreak of the war.

To most Germans, the expelled are a marginal issue, of relevance only to an elderly, dwindling group, and the Poles' fears tend to be seen as exaggerated or unfounded.

They can point to the hundreds of memorials across Germany honoring victims of the Nazis, the compensation Germany paid to millions of Hitler's victims, the more than $22 billion invested by Germans in Poland since the Cold War ended.

Relations are much better between younger Poles and Germans, especially those who have studied or worked in each other's countries.

"I have nothing against Germans," said Piotr Roguski, 39, a real estate agent in Warsaw. "For me contemporary Germans and the Germans of World War II are two different things."

Among Polish youth, German army jackets are considered cool attire, much to their elders' dismay.

Angelica Schwall-Dueren, of the German-Polish Society that promotes cooperation and cross-border exchanges between the two nations, calls today's relationship a "political and humanitarian miracle," given the shared horrors of the past.

And what horrors they were. Less than three weeks after the Germans attacked, the Soviet army invaded from the east. The Nazis regarded Poles as an inferior race. Centuries of shared history, during which innumerable Germans had settled in what is now Poland, became a master-slave relationship. The Germans blitzed Polish cities and built Auschwitz on Polish soil. At the end of the war, 6 million Polish citizens out of a prewar population of 35 million were dead — half of them Jews, half Christians.

The war left Poland feeling massively betrayed — by its Western allies who failed to come to their aid; by the Soviet army that first invaded it, then stood aside as the Germans crushed the country; and by the postwar settlement that opened the way to 40 years of communist dictatorship.

Poland today has 38 million people to Germany's 82 million, which qualifies it as medium-sized in a European Union where voting is weighted by population size. And even that ties in to the war. In arguing in 2007 for enhanced voting rights, the then prime minister, Jaroslaw Kaczynski, argued: "If it hadn't had to live through the years 1939-1945, Poland would today be a country of 66 million."

Associated Press writers Marta Kucharska in Warsaw and Melissa Eddy in Berlin contributed to this report.

miércoles, 3 de diciembre de 2008

El mito de la (sola) culpabilidad alemana en la segunda guerra mundial

The Myth Of German Culpability
The 2nd World War
The True Sequence Of Aggression
By Michael Walsh
10-4-8


One of the great mysteries of life is that despite the evidence to the contrary millions of otherwise intelligent people still believe that Germany was the all powerful aggressor during the 2nd World War. Nothing better than these myths illustrate the mind-bending power of propaganda.

The provable facts suggest that Germany was the victim and not the perpetrator of naked neighboring aggression. The subsequent allied military triumph was followed by the triumph of the propagandists whose pressing need was to depict the victor nations as being the victim.

THE BRUTISH EMPIRE

"Germany is too strong. We must destroy her."
- Winston Churchill, Nov. 1936.

"In no country has the historical blackout been more intense and effective than in Great Britain. Here it has been ingeniously christened The Iron Curtain of Discreet Silence. Virtually nothing has been written to reveal the truth about British responsibility for the Second World War and its disastrous results." - Harry Elmer Barnes. American Historian

"The war was not just a matter of the elimination of Fascism in Germany, but rather of obtaining German sales markets." - Winston Churchill. March, 1946.

"Britain was taking advantage of the situation to go to war against Germany because the Reich had become too strong and had upset the European balance." - Ralph F. Keeling, Institute of American Economics

"I emphasized that the defeat of Germany and Japan and their elimination from world trade would give Britain a tremendous opportunity to swell her foreign commerce in both volume and profit." - Samuel Untermeyer, The Public Years, p.347.

On September 2nd 1939 a delegate of the Labour Party met with the British Foreign Minister Halifax in the lobby of Parliament. 'Do you still have hope?'he asked. 'If you mean hope for war,' answered Halifax, 'then your hope will be fulfilled tomorrow. 'God be thanked!' replied the representative of the British Labour Party. - Professor Michael Freund.

"In Britain, Lord Halifax was reported as being 'redeemed'. He ordered beer. We laughed and joked." - H. Roth. Are We Being Lied To?

"In April, 1939, (four months before the outbreak of war) Ambassador William C. Bullitt, whom I had known for twenty years, called me to the American Embassy in Paris. The American Ambassador told me that war had been decided upon. He did not say, nor did I ask, by whom. He let me infer it. ... When I said that in the end Germany would be driven into the arms of Soviet Russia and Bolshevism, the Ambassador replied: "'what of it? There will not be enough Germans left when the war is over to be worth bolshevising." - - Karl von Wiegand, April, 23rd, 1944, Chicago Herald American

"I felt sorry for the German people. We were planning - and we had the force to carry out our plans - to obliterate a once mighty nation." - Admiral Daniel Leahy; U.S Ambassador

MYTH 1. THE GERMAN NATION IS AN AGGRESSIVE NATION

The facts prove otherwise. A Study of War by Prof. Quincy Wright, shows that in the period from 1480 to 1940 there were 278 wars involving European countries whose percentage participation was as follows:

ENGLAND28%
FRANCE26%
SPAIN23%
RUSSIA22%
AUSTRIA19%
TURKEY15%
POLAND11%
SWEDEN9%
ITALY9%
NETHERLANDS8%
GERMANY (INCLUDING PRUSSIA)8%
DENMARK7%

Likewise, Pitirim Sorokin, Vol.111, Part.11, Social and Cultural Dynamics, shows that from the 12th Century to 1925 the percentage of years in which leading European powers have been at war is as follows. (p.352).

COUNTRY PERCENTAGE OF YEARS AT WAR

SPAIN67%
POLAND58%
ENGLAND56%
FRANCE50%
RUSSIA46%
HOLLAND44%
ITALY36%
GERMANY28%

Sorokin concludes therefore, "that Germany has had the smallest and Spain the largest percent of years at war." Of leading modern European states, England, France and Russia show clearly twice the aggressive tendencies of Germany.

From the years 1815 to 1907 the record stands as follows:

BRITAIN10 warsRUSSIA7 warsFRANCE5 warsAUSTRIA3 warsPRUSSIA-GERMANY3 wars

GERMANY DID NOT WANT WAR

"I believe now that Hitler and the German people did not want war. But we declared war on Germany, intent on destroying it, in accordance with our principle of balance of power, and we were encouraged by the 'Americans' around Roosevelt. We ignored Hitler's pleadings not to enter into war. Now we are forced to realize that Hitler was right." - Attorney General, Sir. Hartley Shawcross, March,16th, 1984

"The last thing Hitler wanted was to produce another great war." - Sir. Basil Liddell Hart

"I see no reason why this war must go on. I am grieved to think of the sacrifices which it will claim. I would like to avert them." - Adolf Hitler, July, 1940.

Winston Churchill agrees: "We entered the war of our own free will, without ourselves being directly assaulted." - Guild Hall Speech, July 1943.

MYTH.2 THE GERMAN ARMED FORCES
OUTNUMBERED THEIR NEIGHBOURS

POLAND

30 Active Divisions
10 Reserve Divisions
12 Large Cavalry Brigades
Poland had nearly 2,500,000 trained men available for mobilisations.

FRANCE

110 Divisions
65 were active divisions
Including 5 cavalry divisions, two mechanised divisions, one armoured division, the rest being infantry. On the German borders stood the French commandstood 85 Divisions and could mobilise 5,000,000-armed troops. These were supported backed by five British divisions.

BRITAIN

Britain's relatively small but high quality Regular Army was supported by the Territorial Army consisting of 26 Divisions with plans well in hand to boost this to 55 divisions. This of course was in turn supported by the then world's largest conscription army holding an empire 'upon which the sun never set.'

The British Empire consisted also of the former German 'empire' of New Guinea, Nauru, Western Samoa, South West Africa, Quattar, Palestine, Transjordan, Tanganyika, Iraq, Togoland and the Cameroons. These territories stolen from Germany added another 1,061,755 square miles to the British Empire, the equivalent of 35 Scotlands

GERMANY

Against these formidable forces Germany was able to mobilise just ninety-eight divisions of which only fifty-two were active (including Austrian divisions). Of the remaining 46 divisions only 10 were fit for action on mobilisation and even in these the bulk of them were raw recruits who had been serving for less than one month.

The other 36 divisions consisted mainly of Great War veterans over the age of forty who were unfamiliar with modern weapons and up to date military techniques.

THE BALANCE SHEET

On the balance sheets it can be seen that the Poles and French alone, not counting Britain and its Empire, had the equivalent of 130 divisions against a total of 98 German divisions of with 1/3rd were virtually untrained men.

In terms of trained soldiers the Germans were at an even bigger disadvantage. (Note at the outbreak of war over 50% of the German armed forces was horse drawn).

WAR IN THE AIR

"The superiority of the Luftwaffe has been greatly exaggerated to create the impression that Britain was the underdog; a David fighting Goliath. In the run up to the Battle of Britain (August 10th 194) the Luftwaffe had 929 fighters available; mostly single-engine Messerschmitt 109s. Of these 227 were twin-engine long-range Me110s which had a top speed of 350mph. Although it had a faster rate of climb it was inferior when turning or manoeuvring.

The ME109's range restricted its field of operation. Their real fields of operation ­ out and back ­ was a little over 100 miles, a flight time of barely 95 minutes and a tactical flight time of just 75 minutes. This was a sever handicap when it is considered that whereas the Luftwaffe pilots were operating scores of miles from their base, British pilots were often within sight of their own. This handicap was made more critical by the fact that downed RAF pilots could be rescued whilst Luftwaffe pilots were of course ­ if they were lucky ­ imprisoned.

The twin-engine ME110 was a slow flyer able to cruise at a little less than 300mph and was easily outpaced by the RAF's Spitfires. It was also 'sluggish in acceleration and difficult to manoeuvre.'

The greatest handicap for the Germans however was there primitive radio equipment. Unlike the British versions it was poor in air-to-air operation and could not be controlled by the ground.

On the British side a total surpassing 650 fighter aircraft had been amassed by mid-July, mostly Hurricanes and Spitfires although including nearly 100 of the older types. During that whole year Britain produced 4,238 fighters compared with a derisory 3,000 manufactured by Germany.

In terms of armaments the noted British military historian, B.H Liddell Hart noted: "What is quite clear, and became evident at the start, was that the German bombers were too poorly armed to be able to beat off the British fighters without a fighter escort of their own." ­ History of the Second World War.

GERMANY AND OTHER FREE COUNTRIES ATTACKED

Poland carried out the first acts of aggression. In March 1939 Poland, already occupying German territory 'acquired' in 1919 invaded Czechoslovakia. During the months running up to the outbreak of war Polish armed forces repeatedly violated German borders. On August 31st 1939 Polish irregular armed forces launched a full scale attack on the German border town of Gleiwitz.

Within hours Germany retaliated resulting in Britain and France's declarations of war on the German nation on 3rd Sept 1939. In Britain's case this declaration of war was constitutionally illegal. It was not as it should have been ratified by parliament.

Despite her borders being constantly attacked by the numerically superior armies of France and England, and economically strangled by world finance, Germany refused to be drawn, negotiated for peace and turned the other cheek for ten months.

Only when it accurately learned that England intended to broaden the western front by occupying the Low Countries and Norway, thus surrounding and threatening Germany's entire borders, did Germany carry out a pre-emptive strike.

Germany's defensive counter attack was launched on 10th May 1940. This resulted in the rout of 330,000 British and French troops by a significantly smaller army. It was one of the worst debacles in military history. (The British press called it 'a miracle).

Russia invaded Finland on Nov 30th 1939. Britain (not for the first time) and France invaded Norway's neutrality on 8th April 1940. To avoid attack via the Baltic Sea Germany counter-attacked. In the small battles that followed (Trondheim) 2,000 German troops routed 13,000 British troops. They were evacuated on 1st May. To save face Churchill disembarked 20,000 British troops at Narvik. They were driven out by 2,000 Austrian Alpine troops.

Canada declared war on Germany 10th Sept 1939. In June 1940 Soviet Russia invaded Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania and Rumania. In June 1940, Britain declared war on Finland, Rumania and Hungary whilst also occupying defenseless Iceland. All of these acts of aggression in gross violation of international law and previously signed trea
ties.

domingo, 26 de octubre de 2008

Robo de propiedad intelectual alemana en la segunda guerra mundial

WWII And The Theft Of
German Intellectual Property
By Claus Nordbruch
Translated by Dagmar Brenne
10-25-8

Time and time again, one encounters the statement in regards to the German Third Reich, that the German Intellectual Elite had left Germany shortly after the establishment of the National Socialist Government in January 1933 and went into exile. But this appears questionable in the face of the undeniable fact that the Allies just before, and especially after the Capitulation of the German Wehrmacht (Army) in May 1945 abducted thousands of German scientists, skilled tradesmen and intellectuals. And tens of thousands of inventions, discoveries, trades symbols, patents, research findings and other intellectual property was stolen and in the light of this, one wonders if the above statement has any basis and reality of the true situation.

In 1945, immediately behind the Allied fighting troops the task force of Anglo/American units called CIOS followed hard at heel. These were under the command of the American officer Ted Beets and the British officer of supplies R.F. Sinsteed. These units had been given the task to view the intellectual property of the German Reich and to appropriate it if needed. Apart from this, the CIOS task force had orders to prevent the German Intellectuals from fleeing abroad. (1)

These CIOS task forces constituted 10,000 technicians and scientists, which were formed into 3,000 units and who forced their way into 33,000 German factories, laboratories, libraries and offices, confiscated documents, samples of materials, trade symbols, patent documentations and engines. They also interrogated top scientist and abducted the same (2).

In the Reich's patent office alone 186,000 files were stolen (3).

Basically everything was confiscated, stolen and plundered in all areas and endeavours that Germans had researched, developed and worked on, by the Allies, on fundamental principle - everywhere. The British "News Chronicles" gave the first review on 21 February 1946. Under the Title "Germany had to disclose its military riches" many of the German intellectual treasures looted by the British were listed here, whereby it is striking, that these riches were far less of a military nature than in the realm of medicine, technical developments and natural science.

Among these listed looted items were Eg. inventions and information for the production of synthetic fuel, synthetic rubber, synthetic lubrication oils, for synthetic fiber- and textile production, diesel motors, optical inventions, heavy printing presses, wind channels, in which speeds of up to 8.000 km/hr were achieved, infra red target instruments, cassette players, electric condensation machinery, durable fruit juices, machines for wrapping chocolates, sugar made from wood, synthetic sapphires for watches, synthetic glimmer, non-running durable stockings for ladies, machines for the production of butter, which produced 1,500 pounds of butter per hour, quartz watches, cellulose products, a multitude of pharmaceutical products, insecticides, cyanides for rust protection and as a substitute for zinc chrome, artificial leather, plastics, colour photography, sewing needles, an innumerable profusion of precision instruments, protective remedies for frost and thousands of other inventions in the area of chemistry, physics, technology and electronics, in which the Germans were streaks ahead of others nations, that is, by five, ten or more years advanced in development.

It was an almost unbelievable, fascinating magical world, that opened up to the Allied task force in these interrogations and conversations with the German intellectuals. The Germans spoke of travel into space, about inter-continental ballistic Rockets, artificial satellites, and other no less fantastical plans, such as the establishment of an "island in space", which would be fitted out with a gigantic mirror to catch the sun rays and beam them back to earth in bundled rays. (4)

But especially in the sphere of weapons- and rocket technology, the German Reich was unbelievably advanced in comparison to their allied enemies. Remote control for rockets and torpedoes, Infrared rays, Ultra sound, all methods of Jet-propulsion, Helicopters and rockets were known to them. The Germans had developed airplanes, March flying craft and the so-called flying disks, which reached speeds that were generally thought impossible, top speeds of an unbelievable 8,000 km/ hour were reached. Even in the most unlikely fields, which nowadays not only draw enthusiasts from the sphere of homeopathy and esoteric knowledge, the Germany of National Socialism was far advanced in regards to that kind of research.

In connection with this there are for instance examinations, done by the Kaiser-Wilhelm Institute for Biophysics in Frankfurt/Main: "These concerned the relationship that electronically charged air has on health. Positive charged air is seen as dangerous to human health, because it causes discomfort and depressions, as for example caused by falling air pressure. Some people, so [it] was found, reacted to positive charged air with Asthma, Hayfever and nervousness. Blood pressure rose to the danger point. I caused all the symptoms of sicknesses known to mountain climbers: laboured and rapid breathing, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia and the like.

Negative charged air achieved the opposite. It had a cheering effect, gave a sense of mental freedom and well being. Emotional depressions could be removed in this manner. In pathological cases it was calming the breathing, and achieved the extinguishing of Allergies and Asthma. The importance of negative charged air comes into play, wherever human beings live and work or seek to recover from illness. The creation of these air ambiances will represent one day our main occupation." (5) The Germans achieved nothing other than to imbue the very air we breathe with added supplements, to manipulate in the person calmness, fear, irritation or cheerfulness, joy or depression according to requirement. (6)

In April 1945 soldiers of the 1st US Infantry division found in Volkenröde near Braunschweig at the air travel Research Institute Herman Göring, the most modern institute of its kind in the world . The Americans were dumb-founded:

"Alone the amount and excellent quality of the instruments, tools and testing equipment was overwhelming. In the aero dynamic Section were wind channels for low speeds, for under sonic, supersonic and the trans sonic divisions. The division for jet propulsion was equipped with a camera, which was able to take a thousand pictures per second, to determine how a flame builds up. In the low pressure chamber it was possible to create conditions as exist at a height of 15 km. In the weapons division were two shooting tunnels, to test the effects on flying rockets if subjected to side winds of up to eight hundred km/ hour ."(7)

These and innumerable other overwhelming evidences of the superiority of German research were gathered up to be taken over by the Americans and who were thus in the position to save inestimable money and untold man hours in research. What the Americans left over was plundered by the English in 1946, dismantled and carted off to Britain. In this way the island was able to establish four ultra modern centres for aeronautic research in Farnborough, Bedford and Fort Halstead.

An inconspicuous witness was the American journalist C. Lester Walkers, who, half year after the sensational list published in Britain, wrote an exhaustive report for the American monthly magazine: "Harpers's Bazaar" under the title "Secrets by the Thousands", in which he listed further details. In his article he describes the manifold work and duties of a special American task force in search of German patents and manufacturing secrets. These commando units found and appropriated no less than 150,000 tones of secret files, which were transported to the USA to be evaluated. A new dictionary with 40,000 special scientific words had to be worked out. The greatest part of these files had nothing whatsoever to do weapons and war efforts. (All quotes in italics in the following article are from Walkers' writing)

The production of Nylon stockings goes back to the synthesis of the Polyamid-fibres of the US company DuPont in the year 1932. The production and machines for the manufacture of cheaper manufacture are an invention of the Germans.

The Germans, commonly labelled as "The Nazis", had discovered one coloured artificial fibres with the characteristics of wool, artificial glimmer, high achieving butter churners and bread baking machines, artificial blood plasma and record turntables, to turn ten records automatically. The Infrared night vision equipment which was discovered with a sense of wonder, was immediately utilised against the Japanese, as well the method of cooling, which resuscitated those who were otherwise doomed to death.

They discovered rolls of plastic-like materials (tape for megaphones), which had an emulsion of Iron-oxide on one side, and on which could be filed the radio programs of an entire day - without gramophone needle and irritating external noises. At IG Farben they found 50,000 recipes for colours, which had been unattainable hitherto by the Americans. Another novelty was yeast, which could be produced in unlimited amounts and able to endure higher temperatures and which contained more protein and calories than beef.

There were revolutionary machines for the production of needles and of lady's stockings which would not ladder. In the whole world existed no method as the German one to mass produce cheese. They discovered the smallest and virtually indestructible condensation apparatus, as well the method of pasteurising milk, which had been tried in vain by the Americans.

Here we need to mention too the sensational German invention of the Infra red equipment, with the help of which it was made possible to see at night. German cars were able to drive at any speed even in total darkness and could make out objects at about a distance of two hundred meters as clearly as in daytime.

Tanks with this equipment were able to see signs at a distance of two miles. A German rifleman was able to use the Infra red long distance target range to shoot an enemy in total darkness. (8) The Americans utilised this plundered secret for the first time in Okinawa (April- June 1945) with amazing success.

But as well in the sphere of medicine the Germans had entered into revolutionary realms. For instance had Germans found a way of producing synthetic blood plasma. This was called "Capain" and the end result was equal to natural plasma. An other discovery was "Periston", a substitute for the thinning of blood. Another product of oxidisation of Adrenalin "adrenichtome" was produced by the Germans (called Nazis) in great quantities for combatting high blood pressure. "In the USA annually 700,000 die from this condition, so the population can be served with this discovery" as Walker proudly announced.

Of course at first there were rumours that "Nazi Scientists" had frozen trial persons to death, in order to resuscitate them afterwards. Finally, the American/Jewish Alpine Expert (Michael Bar-Zonat) found four "Nazi physicians" in a laboratory of the institute of aeronautic medicine on the Estate Hirschau in Bavaria. An American Medicine-Corps-Major, Leo Alexander, interrogated these physicians in June 1945, to establish, if experiments were conducted with human victims.

The true circumstances remained unresolved, especially since all laboratory equipment for small animals was carefully preserved, yet all equipment for larger animals was destroyed. Reports and files in regards to human experiments were nowhere to be found. But just then the allied Radio brought a terrible announcement about the concentration camp Dachau, where examinations were conducted on prisoners who had been in these freezing experiments. The wireless named the SS physician Dr. Siegmund Rascher as there responsible officer. Alexander travelled to the 7th American Army, who was in charge of the area in question and who had the reputation of having confiscated an amount of secret documents from the offices of the German protection units (Schutzstaffel).

And indeed , Alexander found a complete final report personally addressed to the SS Reichs leader Heinrich Himmler. In this, there is reported of seven individuals, who were dipped naked into ice water, until they lost consciousness. In this time they were continually monitored and readings recorded. Eg, the reactions of the skin, the inner temperature of the stomach, the pulse, blood sugar readings, reactions of blood corpuscles, bone marrow viscosity etc. In about 53 to 106 minutes the trial persons had died. The allies saw it as an admission of murder on seven persons. Yet this declaration is erroneous, since the German scientists succeeded to revive these clinically dead persons (total ceasing of heart function and breathing), by immediate dipping into hot water (122 degree Fahrenheit/ 50 degree Celsius). (In every one of the dread cases of this experiment the subjects were successfully revived, both temporarily and permanently, by immediate application of water.)

Even this, for the army important research resul,t was immediately transferred to the troops still fighting against Japan, to save fliers who could still be saved after lethal freezing experiences after being shot down. Exactly these cold exposure experiments saved Americans years of experimentation and research, according to a military surgeon of the American Army. The Germans technique for treatment after prolonged and usually fatal exposure to cold was regarded as revolutionary.

Nowadays this method of treatment after cold exposure has been adopted by all American air- and sea rescue services and is generally recognised by modern science branches. (9)

To add further to these explanations is only to say that it was no secret that there have been experiments done with humans. But in regards to these it is to necessary to stress that for these experiments were chosen volunteers. In the case of inmates of concentration camps these were informed of the risks involved before the examinations and experiments. They were lured with better prison conditions, shorter sentences or even immediate release from prison. The experiments with cold exposure have had trial runs with small animals before they were tried on humans. If is really came to cases of death has never been scientifically proved to date.

Also in the area of the textile branch had the search for German scientific and industrial secrets revealed hitherto unknown facts. For instance had the process of the German company of Rayon-knitting machines been able to save space and yet increase the production by 150%. Their left-by-left method in woven products resulted in non-laddering, durable Lady's stockings. A new German- developed machine for the manufacture of needles, would, according to Walker, revolutionise business in the USA as well as in the UK. In this case the skin or fibre had to be manipulated, and with the addition of the enzyme aspergil paracitius not only resulted in better wool but also in a 10% higher yield.

In the branch of food production, medicine and military technology were the secrets thus discovered no less impressive. One of the secrets of the food and nutrition industry was to sterilise fruit juices without the use of heat. The pasteurising process of milk by means of ultra violet rays always resulted in failure in other countries, yet the Germans found by way of extending the range of vision tubes considerably it was possible while at the same time enriching the milk with vitamin D. In a factory in Kiel British researchers of "the joint intelligence committee" found that cheeses of the "Holländer" and "Tilsit" kind were being produced by a new method at an unbelievable speed.

The cheese industry worldwide was not capable of anything coming remotely close. A dairy near Hamburg produced butter of a kind and quality highly prized by Americans, by means of a un-interrupted churning butter machine, the invention by the dairy machine factory in Stuttgart. This machine required less space than American machine and produced 1500 pounds of butter per hour. The machine was promptly shipped to the USA. Another novelty was to produce yeast in un-limited amounts, which besides that, was capable to be used at considerably higher temperatures and had double the amount of protein and several times higher than beef. Also the Germans had developed a method of preserving food by certain freezing techniques or conserve bread by means of a covering emulsion to lengthen its life to about eight months.

Of greatest importance for the future were "the Nazi secrets" in the sphere of aeronautics and of the different types of remote-control projectiles. The V2-rocket, which bombarded London, as commented on by an army-air force publication was a mere toy in comparison to what was envisaged by the Germans. When the war ended, the Americans knew that the Germans (the Nazis!) had 138 types of remote-controlled projectiles and -ignitions using: "Radio waves, radar systems, continual waves, Infrared, ultra sound, light trees and magnetism, just to mention a few."

For the propulsion were used all methods of jet drive, as also for lower, as well as supersonic speeds. Jet propulsion was even used for helicopters. The fuel used was lead to the fuel chambers in the points of the rotor blades and ignited, which caused them to rotate like the knives of a lawnmower. The German A4 Rocket, which was just then taken into production in great numbers, when the war ended, was 64 feet long, weighed more than 24,000 pounds and flew up to 230 miles distance. It rose about 100 miles above the earth and had a top speed of 3735 miles per hour, which is three times as fast as the rotation of the Earth, as it rotates around its own axle at the Equator. The secret of its top speed was the rocket motor, that burnt a mixture of liquid oxygen and alcohol.

This rocket was either radio controlled or self-guided by gyroscopic means to its target. Since the rocket was several times faster than sound, it could not be heard before it hit.

Another German rocket, which was still being developed, received the demarcation "A9". This rocket was bigger still, 29,000 pounds, and had wide wingspans, which enabled it to fly a distance of 3000 miles. It was produced in the famous Peenemünde army-trial station and achieved the unbelievable speed of 5670 miles per hour (about 8000 km/hr).

One long distance bomber, which, as the documents proclaim, had not yet been able to be produced, because the war had finished too soon, would have been capable of reaching New York from Germany within 40 minutes. Guided by just one pilot in an high pressure cabin it reached a height of about 154 miles. It was catapulted at 500 miles per hour, in order to reach its height in just 4 minutes. From there it would be gliding through the outer atmosphere, using up its fuel and then push down its target. With a hundred bombers of this kind the Germans estimated to be able to destroy every city on Earth in military actions lasting only a few days.

The Germans had also put inventions in place, which concerned themselves with the pilots, who would have to leave the plane at super speeds. Normally the head would be severed and the parachute would be riddled with holes upon opening. In order to prevent these unhappy events, an apparatus was invented, which would catapult the pilot instantly outside. The parachute was already full of holes, which was formed from bands, in criss-cross fashion, which slowed his fall until the decreasing pressure automatically freed the normal parachute.

A Nazi variation to radio piloted projectiles was the underwater torpedo, which would unerringly pursue its target, attracted by the noise of the propeller of the ship under attack. It functioned at about 40 miles per hour and left no vapor trail. As soon as it was underneath the target the explosion followed.

In the light of these fabulous inventions of the German Reich and the production of such futuristic weapons, the oft repeated slogans to urge the people to continue their war efforts by the ministry of propaganda of the German Reich appeared therefore quite feasible and by no means only nonsensical talk. In fact, had the war lasted just a few months longer or had the invasion been postponed by only half a year the war could have been won by Berlin. Some of these weapons were only in the trial stages or in the beginning of production and could have been ready for use, given more time. Alone the effect of radio directed weapons with their great accuracy would have created some horror. But not only these remote controlled projectiles, but also the jet aircrafts would have destroyed the allied bombing units, because the radio controlled torpedoes would have eliminated the enemy troop transports and warships.

According to the American clergy man Ludwig A. Fritsch the Americans stole from the Germans, those "giants of science, who had discovered the Tuberculosis-, Typhoid- and Diphtheria- Bacillus, as well as its antidotes, to free mankind from these plagues, who were able to split the atom and who found the x-rays, who were able to make fat from coal and who constructed the finest instruments on Earth," (10) Patents by the hundreds of tons, thefts whose value is not to be estimated, well into the billions in those days, which in our days would be worth well into the trillions of dollars, or, as the "Westfälische Nachrichten" newspaper so soberly exclaimed in January 1947 in these words: "With the removal of its patents and inventions, the German people have in fact paid reparations of such an extent, as no other nation in history has ever done before. These facts are being more or less conveniently overlooked abroad." And to this may be added, by post-war Germany as well!

The total quantity and value of patents stolen by the Allies can only be a rough estimate. The US-American professor for history (California and Düsseldorf), John Gimel, draws our attention to examples, in which the intellectual labour of a single German scientist or technician alone brought profits of X-million Dollars to the American companies(11). According to the disclosures of this historian the Allied forces stole German intellectual property and patents valued in the vivinity of 4,8 Billion to 12 Billion dollars.

According to the protocol of the Conference of representatives of companies and experts on 16. June 1948 in Königsstein the total value of the stolen drawings, patents and trademarks fluctuates between 12 to 30 Billion DM (Mark), of which the last figure seems most likely the more accurate. In the way of German intellectual property the "victors" confiscated about 346,000 German patents as war plunder, of which were 200,000 German patents, registered in foreign countries. Furthermore to be included in the count, there were 20,870 German trademarks and as many as 50,000 new colour shades, that had been developed in the IG Farben research centres. All in all the confiscations meant a loss for Germany of about 30 Billion DM according to Herbert Grabert. (As of 1952) (13).

For the necessary estimation of the value for the total quantity of the stolen patents alone, there exists, not surprisingly, no final and checkable number anywhere, not even in government departments where they could be expected to be held. So for instance, could the DIHT (Deutsche Industrie und Handelstag) only confess, that "unfortunately such knowledge is not available" (14)

And the DPMA (Deutsches Patent und Markenamt) found "it not possible to quantify the value of reparations incurred, due to the time-honoured confiscation by way of protective rights of German patents" (15) , while the Austrian Patent Office declares, that "examinations in regards to the mentioned stolen patents are entirely unknown." (16)

According to what guidelines could the losses and damages to the German Reich and the German nation be evaluated? The value of the stolen patents and products and the time spent and the costs necessary for the development of the products have to be added. The loss of profit for the German economy has to be worked out. Just in case such a cost-evaluation is at all possible- for at the end of the Nineteen Forties and the beginning of the Fifties such an endeavour on part of the West German Industry and Handelskammer (chamber of commerce) failed, for reasons of un-equal back-wash of companies, who feared taxation consequences if they gave the true values of their losses (17), even if this approximate valuation would be an estimation of astronomical proportions.

For C. Lester Walker the unbelievable multitude of volume appears as follows: "In 1945, the greatest theft of intellectual material took place. The discovered and stolen scientific, industrial and military secrets of National Socialist Germany were, Walker quotes with view of Washington, the greatest of this kind of robbery in the world, the first common and total exploitation of the intellectual material of an entire nation". In fact, it represents the greatest haul of intellectual property in human history.

Footnotes:

1 For details view Claus Nordbruch's book: ""Der deutsche Aderlaß. Wiedergutmachung an Deutschland und Entschädigung für Deutschland", Tübingen 2003, p 329 ff

2 Hans Dollinger (Hg) "Deutschland unter Besatzungsnächten 1945 1949, Seine Geschichte in Texten, Bildern und Dokumenten 1945-1949. München 1967 P. 282.

3 Compare Thomas STAMM ''"Zwischen Staat und Selbstverwaltung. Die deutsche Forschung in Wiederaufbau 1945 - 165" , Cologne 1981. p. 45

4 Michael Bar-Zohar, "Die Jagd auf die deutschen Wissenschaftler 1944 - 1960", Berlin 1966, page 48.

5C.Lester Walker, "translated edition, from Hans Werner Woltersdorf, "Die größte Geistbeute der Weltgeschichte", typed Manuscript o.O.u.o. J., S. 6

6 Michael Bar-Zohar, aaO. /(add. 4) P 152

7 Tom Bower, "Verschwörung Paperclip, NS-Wissenschaftler" München 1988, P 111f.

8 "German cars could drive at any speed in total blackout, seeing objects clear as day two hundred meters a head. Tanks with this device could spot targets two miles away. As sniper's cockpit enabled German riflemen to pick off a man on total blackness".

9 C. Lester Walker, "Secrets by the thousands", in Harper's Magazune, October 1946, p. 329ff., quoted http://www.histropgraphyproject.com/documents/ 19461000german_secrets.html

10 Ludwig A. Frisch, "Amerikas Verantwortung für die Verbrechung am deutschen Volk", Grabert, Tübingen 1969, P. 63

11 ebeda P. 100 f

12 ebeda P 100 f industrial disarmament 1945 - 1948", New Brunswick, 1946 P. 142

12 Nicholas Balabkins, "Germany under direct control. Economic aspects of industrial disarmament 1945 - 1948", New Brunswick, 1946 S 142

13 Herbert Grabert, "Hochschullehrer klagen as. Vom der Demontage deutscher Wissenschaft", Göttingen 1952, P. 25

14 From the letter by the German Industrie and Handelstag written to the Author on 20. July 2000.

15 Written to the author by the Deutschen Patenten- und Markenamtes, 31 August 2000.

16 Written to the author by the Österreichischen Patentamts von 3. August 2000.

17 Comp. John Gimbel, "Science Technology, and Reparations, Exploitation and Plunder in Postwar Germany", Stanford 1990, P. 158

From the series 'Corrections To Moden History, The Treat Wendig' Book 2 Published by Grabert Publishers, 72006 Tübingen, PO. Box 169