Virtudes Prusianas

VIRTUDES PRUSIANAS (Brandenburgo-Prusia, Alemania):
Perfecta organización * Sacrificio * Imperio de la ley * Obediencia a la autoridad * Militarismo * Fiabilidad * Tolerancia religiosa * Sobriedad * Frugalidad * Pragmatismo * Puntualidad * Modestia * Diligencia

Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta guerra. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta guerra. Mostrar todas las entradas

lunes, 7 de enero de 2013

Las guerras de EUA desde 1776 año de su fundación

Desde entonces solo 21 de 223 años ha estado en paz, 214 años en algún tipo de guerra o invasión.

Claro que siempre es por la "libertad" y la "justicia" y los únicos malos son los japoneses, musulmanes y los alemanes, ¡Huy! los alemanes...


http://www.loonwatch.com/2011/12/we-re-at-war-and-we-have-been-since-1776/


Year-by-year Timeline of America’s Major Wars (1776-2011)

1776 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamagua Wars, Second Cherokee War, Pennamite-Yankee War

1777 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Second Cherokee War, Pennamite-Yankee War

1778 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War

1779 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War

1780 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War

1781 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War

1782 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War

1783 – American Revolutionary War, Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War

1784 – Chickamauga Wars, Pennamite-Yankee War, Oconee War

1785 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1786 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1787 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1788 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1789 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1790 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1791 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1792 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1793 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1794 – Chickamauga Wars, Northwest Indian War

1795 – Northwest Indian War

1796 – No major war

1797 – No major war

1798 – Quasi-War

1799 – Quasi-War

1800 – Quasi-War

1801 – First Barbary War

1802 – First Barbary War

1803 – First Barbary War

1804 – First Barbary War

1805 – First Barbary War

1806 – Sabine Expedition

1807 – No major war

1808 – No major war

1809 – No major war

1810 – U.S. occupies Spanish-held West Florida

1811 – Tecumseh’s War

1812 – War of 1812, Tecumseh’s War, Seminole Wars, U.S. occupies Spanish-held Amelia Island and other parts of East Florida

1813 – War of 1812, Tecumseh’s War, Peoria War, Creek War, U.S. expands its territory in West Florida

1814 – War of 1812, Creek War, U.S. expands its territory in Florida, Anti-piracy war

1815 – War of 1812, Second Barbary War, Anti-piracy war

1816 - First Seminole War, Anti-piracy war

1817 - First Seminole War, Anti-piracy war

1818 – First Seminole War, Anti-piracy war

1819 – Yellowstone Expedition, Anti-piracy war

1820 – Yellowstone Expedition, Anti-piracy war

1821 – Anti-piracy war (see note above)

1822 – Anti-piracy war (see note above)

1823 – Anti-piracy war, Arikara War

1824 – Anti-piracy war

1825 – Yellowstone Expedition, Anti-piracy war

1826 – No major war

1827 – Winnebago War

1828 – No major war

1829 – No major war

1830 – No major war

1831 - Sac and Fox Indian War

1832 – Black Hawk War

1833 – Cherokee Indian War

1834 – Cherokee Indian War, Pawnee Indian Territory Campaign

1835 – Cherokee Indian War, Seminole Wars, Second Creek War

1836 – Cherokee Indian War, Seminole Wars, Second Creek War, Missouri-Iowa Border War

1837 – Cherokee Indian War, Seminole Wars, Second Creek War, Osage Indian War, Buckshot War

1838 – Cherokee Indian War, Seminole Wars, Buckshot War, Heatherly Indian War

1839 – Cherokee Indian War, Seminole Wars

1840 – Seminole Wars, U.S. naval forces invade Fiji Islands

1841 – Seminole Wars, U.S. naval forces invade McKean Island, Gilbert Islands, and Samoa

1842 – Seminole Wars

1843 – U.S. forces clash with Chinese, U.S. troops invade African coast

1844 – Texas-Indian Wars

1845 – Texas-Indian Wars

1846 – Mexican-American War, Texas-Indian Wars

1847 – Mexican-American War, Texas-Indian Wars

1848 – Mexican-American War, Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War

1849 – Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians

1850 – Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Yuma War, California Indian Wars, Pitt River Expedition

1851 – Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, Yuma War, Utah Indian Wars, California Indian Wars

1852 – Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Yuma War, Utah Indian Wars, California Indian Wars

1853 – Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Yuma War, Utah Indian Wars, Walker War, California Indian Wars

1854 – Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians

1855 – Seminole Wars, Texas-Indian Wars, Cayuse War, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Yakima War, Winnas Expedition, Klickitat War, Puget Sound War, Rogue River Wars, U.S. forces invade Fiji Islands and Uruguay

1856 – Seminole Wars, Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, California Indian Wars, Puget Sound War, Rogue River Wars, Tintic War

1857 – Seminole Wars, Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, California Indian Wars, Utah War, Conflict in Nicaragua

1858 – Seminole Wars, Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Mohave War, California Indian Wars, Spokane-Coeur d’Alene-Paloos War, Utah War, U.S. forces invade Fiji Islands and Uruguay

1859 Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, California Indian Wars, Pecos Expedition, Antelope Hills Expedition, Bear River Expedition, John Brown’s raid, U.S. forces launch attack against Paraguay, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1860 – Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Paiute War, Kiowa-Comanche War

1861 – American Civil War, Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Cheyenne Campaign

1862 – American Civil War, Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Cheyenne Campaign, Dakota War of 1862,

1863 – American Civil War, Texas-Indian Wars, Southwest Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Cheyenne Campaign, Colorado War, Goshute War

1864 – American Civil War, Texas-Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Cheyenne Campaign, Colorado War, Snake War

1865 – American Civil War, Texas-Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Colorado War, Snake War, Utah’s Black Hawk War

1866 – Texas-Indian Wars, Navajo Wars, Apache Wars, California Indian Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Snake War, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Red Cloud’s War, Franklin County War, U.S. invades Mexico, Conflict with China

1867 – Texas-Indian Wars, Long Walk of the Navajo, Apache Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Snake War, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Red Cloud’s War, Comanche Wars, Franklin County War, U.S. troops occupy Nicaragua and attack Taiwan

1868 – Texas-Indian Wars, Long Walk of the Navajo, Apache Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Snake War, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Red Cloud’s War, Comanche Wars, Battle of Washita River, Franklin County War

1869 – Texas-Indian Wars, Apache Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Comanche Wars, Franklin County War

1870 – Texas-Indian Wars, Apache Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Comanche Wars, Franklin County War

1871 – Texas-Indian Wars, Apache Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Comanche Wars, Franklin County War, Kingsley Cave Massacre, U.S. forces invade Korea

1872 – Texas-Indian Wars, Apache Wars, Utah’s Black Hawk War, Comanche Wars, Modoc War, Franklin County War

1873 – Texas-Indian Wars, Comanche Wars, Modoc War, Apache Wars, Cypress Hills Massacre, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1874 – Texas-Indian Wars, Comanche Wars, Red River War, Mason County War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1875 – Conflict in Mexico, Texas-Indian Wars, Comanche Wars, Eastern Nevada, Mason County War, Colfax County War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1876 – Texas-Indian Wars, Black Hills War, Mason County War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1877 – Texas-Indian Wars, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Black Hills War, Nez Perce War, Mason County War, Lincoln County War, San Elizario Salt War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1878 – Paiute Indian conflict, Bannock War, Cheyenne War, Lincoln County War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1879 – Cheyenne War, Sheepeater Indian War, White River War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1880 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1881 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1882 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1883 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1884 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1885 – Apache Wars, Eastern Nevada Expedition, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1886 – Apache Wars, Pleasant Valley War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1887 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1888 – U.S. show of force against Haiti, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1889 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1890 – Sioux Indian War, Skirmish between 1st Cavalry and Indians, Ghost Dance War, Wounded Knee, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1891 – Sioux Indian War, Ghost Dance War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1892 – Johnson County War, U.S. forces invade Mexico

1893 – U.S. forces invade Mexico and Hawaii

1894 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1895 - U.S. forces invade Mexico, Bannock Indian Disturbances

1896 – U.S. forces invade Mexico

1897 – No major war

1898 – Spanish-American War, Battle of Leech Lake, Chippewa Indian Disturbances

1899 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1900 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1901 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1902 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1903 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1904 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1905 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1906 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1907 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1908 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1909 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1910 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1911 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1912 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars

1913 – Philippine-American War, Banana Wars, New Mexico Navajo War

1914 – Banana Wars, U.S. invades Mexico

1915 – Banana Wars, U.S. invades Mexico, Colorado Paiute War

1916 – Banana Wars, U.S. invades Mexico

1917 – Banana Wars, World War I, U.S. invades Mexico

1918 – Banana Wars, World War I, U.S invades Mexico

1919 – Banana Wars, U.S. invades Mexico

1920 – Banana Wars

1921 – Banana Wars

1922 – Banana Wars

1923 – Banana Wars, Posey War

1924 – Banana Wars

1925 – Banana Wars

1926 – Banana Wars

1927 – Banana Wars

1928 – Banana Wars

1930 – Banana Wars

1931 – Banana Wars

1932 – Banana Wars

1933 – Banana Wars

1934 – Banana Wars

1935 – No major war

1936 – No major war

1937 – No major war

1938 – No major war

1939 – No major war

1940 – No major war

1941 – World War II

1942 – World War II

1943 – Wold War II

1944 – World War II

1945 – World War II

1946 – Cold War (U.S. occupies the Philippines and South Korea)

1947 – Cold War (U.S. occupies South Korea, U.S. forces land in Greece to fight Communists)

1948 – Cold War (U.S. forces aid Chinese Nationalist Party against Communists)

1949 - Cold War (U.S. forces aid Chinese Nationalist Party against Communists)

1950 – Korean War, Jayuga Uprising

1951 – Korean War

1952 – Korean War

1953 – Korean War

1954 – Covert War in Guatemala

1955 – Vietnam War

1956 – Vietnam War

1957 – Vietnam War

1958 – Vietnam War

1959 – Vietnam War, Conflict in Haiti

1960 – Vietam War

1961 – Vietnam War

1962 – Vietnam War, Cold War (Cuban Missile Crisis; U.S. marines fight Communists in Thailand)

1963 – Vietnam War

1964 – Vietnam War

1965 – Vietnam War, U.S. occupation of Dominican Republic

1966 – Vietnam War, U.S. occupation of Dominican Republic

1967 – Vietnam War

1968 – Vietnam War

1969 – Vietnam War

1970 – Vietnam War

1971 – Vietnam War

1972 – Vietnam War

1973 – Vietnam War, U.S. aids Israel in Yom Kippur War

1974 – Vietnam War

1975 – Vietnam War

1976 – No major war

1977 – No major war

1978 – No major war

1979 – Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan)

1980 – Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan)

1981 – Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan and Nicaragua), First Gulf of Sidra Incident

1982 – Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan and Nicaragua), Conflict in Lebanon

1983 – Cold War (Invasion of Grenada, CIA proxy war in Afghanistan and Nicaragua), Conflict in Lebanon

1984 – Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan and Nicaragua), Conflict in Persian Gulf

1985 - Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan and Nicaragua)

1986 – Cold War (CIA proxy war in Afghanistan and Nicaragua)

1987 – Conflict in Persian Gulf

1988 – Conflict in Persian Gulf, U.S. occupation of Panama

1989 – Second Gulf of Sidra Incident, U.S. occupation of Panama, Conflict in Philippines

1990 – First Gulf War, U.S. occupation of Panama

1991 – First Gulf War

1992 – Conflict in Iraq

1993 – Conflict in Iraq

1994 – Conflict in Iraq, U.S. invades Haiti

1995 – Conflict in Iraq, U.S. invades Haiti, NATO bombing of Bosnia and Herzegovina

1996 – Conflict in Iraq

1997 – No major war

1998 – Bombing of Iraq, Missile strikes against Afghanistan and Sudan

1999 – Kosovo War

2000 – No major war

2001 – War on Terror in Afghanistan

2002 – War on Terror in Afghanistan and Yemen

2003 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, and Iraq

2004 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen

2005 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen

2006 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen

2007 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, Somalia, and Yemen

2008 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen

2009 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen

2010 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, and Yemen

2011 – War on Terror in Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan, Somalia, and Yemen; Conflict in Libya (Libyan Civil War)

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Aquí otro listado, pero si leen el de Wikipedia, desde la fundación de EUA quedó claro su caracter invasor.

  • War of Independence 1775-1783 25,000
  • Northwest Indian War 1785-1795 1,221
  • Quasi-War 1798-1800 20
  • Barbary Wars 1801-1815 35
  • War of 1812 1812-1815 20,000
  • 1st Seminole War 1817-1818 30
  • 2nd Seminole War 1835-1842 1,500
  • Mexican-American War 1846-1848 13,283
  • 3rd Seminole War 1855-1858 26
  • Civil War 1861-1865 623,026
  • Indian Wars 1865-1898 919
  • Spanish-American War 1898 2,446
  • Philippine War 1898-1902 4,196
  • Boxer Rebellion 1900-1901 37
  • Mexican Revolution 1914-1919 35
  • Haiti Occupation 1915-1934 146
  • World War 1 1917-1918 116,708
  • World War 2 1941-1945 407,316
  • Korean War 1950-1953 36,914
  • Vietnam War 1964-1973 58,169
  • El Salvador 1980-1992 20
  • Beirut 1982-1984 266
  • Persian Gulf (Support) 1987-1988 39
  • Invasion of Grenada 1983 19
  • Invasion of Panama 1989 40
  • Persian Gulf War 1991 269
  • Somalia 1992-1993 43
  • Bosnia 1995 12
  • Afghanistan 2002-2011 1,610 (6/6/11)
  • Iraq 2003-2011 4,459 (6/6/11)
http://www.militaryfactory.com/american_war_deaths.asp


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_United_States

Guerras de Alemania desde su formación en 1870

http://www.historyguy.com/wars_of_germany.html



Franco-Prussian War (July 19, 1870 – May 10, 1871)--Major war between the Prussian-led German forces and the Second French Empire. This war helped cause the unification of Germany and paved the way for the ongoing hostility which was a leading cause of World War One.

Arab Rising in East Africa (1888-1890)--Unsuccessful native uprising against German colonial policies and German rule.

Wahehe War in East Africa (1891-1893)--Unsuccessful native uprising against German colonial policies and German rule.

Samoan Civil War (1887-1889)--German involvement in Samoan Civil conflicts as a part of the growth of the German Empire into the Pacific.

Samoan Civil War (1893-1894)--German involvement in Samoan Civil conflicts as a part of the growth of the German Empire into the Pacific.

Boxer Rebellion/China Expedition (1900)--Germany joined ten other nations in sending military forces to fight the Chinese government as well as anti-Western Chinese rebels.

Hottentot Uprising in South West Africa (1903)--Uprising against German colonial policies and German rule.

Insurrection in Cameroon (1904-1905)--Uprising against German colonial policies and German rule.

Maji Maji Uprising in East Africa (1905)--Uprising against German colonial policies and German rule.

World War I (1914-1918)

Kiel Mutiny (1918)--Mutiny by Navy sailors. This event sparked the German Revolution.

German Revolution (1918-1919)--Overthrow of the German monarchy. This revolution effectively caused Germany to surrender to the Allies and ended World War One.

Bavarian Revolution (Nov. 7, 1918-May 1, 1919)--Commuist revolt suppressed by the government and the Freikorps militias.

Spartacist Revolt (Jan. 6-Jan. 15, 1919)--Commuist revolt suppressed by the government and the Freikorps militias.

Kapp Putsch (March, 1920)--Failed military coup against the German government.

Upper Silesia (Polish) Rebellion (1921)--German and Polish militias fight prior to a vote on which nation gets the coal-rich region of Silesia.

French and Belgian Occupation of the Ruhr Valley (Jan. 11, 1923-August, 1925)--Germany fell behind in war payments to the Allies due to the collapse of the German economy. France and Belgium invade and occupy the industrial Ruhr Valley region of western Germany until the re-payments are complete.

Hitler's Beer Hall Putsch (Nov. 8-11, 1923)--War veteran and political agitator, Adolf Hitler led his Nazi Party in an attempted overthrow of the Bavarian government. The police crushed his uprising, and Hitler was sentenced to prison.

Spanish Civil War (1936-1939)--Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy send troops and air power to help Fascist Spanish rebel Francisco Franco defeat Spanish Republican forces.

German Annexation of Austria (March 12-13, 1938)--Germany invades and annexes Austria.

German Annexation of the Sudetenland (1938)--Hitler threatened to invade Czechoslovakia in order to gain control of the German-speaking Sudeten border region. Britain and France allow Hitler to seize the Sudetenland.

German Annexation of Bohemia and Moravia (March 10-16, 1939)--Hitler completes his takeover of defenseless Czechoslovakia. The eastern part of the nation became an "independent" satellite of Germany called Slovakia.

World War II (1939-1945)--The European portion of World War II officially begins on Sept. 1, 1939 with the German invasion of Poland. The European war ended in May, 1945 with the complete defeat and occupation of Germany by the Allies. Germany was eventually split into the democratic West Germany and the Communist East Germany until the East German collapse in 1989 and the re-unification of Germany in October, 1990.



East German Uprising of 1953--East Germans revolt against Soviet control. The uprising is crushed by the Soviets.

Warsaw Pact Invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968)--East German forces particpated in the Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia.

Kosovo War (1999)--German air power participated int the Kosovo War against Serbai (Yugoslavia), as a part of the NATO Alliance.

The War on Terror (2001-Present)

The War in Afghanistan (2001-Present)--German forces currently take part in allied operations in Afghanistan as a part of NATO.

domingo, 10 de agosto de 2008

Alfredo Jalife dice: Detrás de Osetia del Sur: Kosovo, oleoductos y la OTAN

http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2008/08/10/index.php?section=opinion&article=012o1pol

Bajo la Lupa

Alfredo Jalife-Rahme


Desde el final de la catastrófica etapa de Gorbachov y Yeltsin, la ex URSS, balcanizada en varios pedazos y reducida a su más modesta expresión rusa, ha buscado, primero, detener la brutal ofensiva de Estados Unidos y la OTAN tanto en su interior como en su periferia y, segundo, colocar una línea roja para pasar a la contraofensiva.

El aventurerismo militar de Estados Unidos y la OTAN y sus derrotas, primordialmente en Irak y Afganistán, le dieron un respiro a Rusia, quien exhibió una perturbadora emasculación en su periferia inmediata, pero en ningún lugar como en la antigua Yugoslavia, donde ha sido humillada hasta el agotamiento.

La embriaguez militar de Estados Unidos y la OTAN, después de haber cercenado toda la periferia de Rusia –el país con el mayor territorio del planeta (el doble de Estados Unidos y China, respectivamente)– cometió varios pecados de “lesa majestad” (v.gr. el despliegue de “defensa balístico misilístico” del régimen torturador bushiano en la República Checa y Polonia), pero ninguno como la independencia unilateral de Kosovo en la primavera reciente, a partir de cuando la dupla Putin-Medvedev decidió poner una línea roja y pasar a la contraofensiva en el frente europeo, mientras en los frentes centroasiático y medioriental Estados Unidos y la OTAN han sido detenidos.

Es en este contexto que se ubica la guerra de Rusia y Georgia en Osetia del Sur, donde el Kremlin se aprovechó del error infantil del presidente de Georgia, Mikhail Saakachvili (egresado de Harvard, pero, más que nada, un instrumento de los halcones neoconservadores straussianos y de George Soros), quien el mismo día de la inauguración de los Juegos Olímpicos en Pekín (quizá para no perturbar a la opinión pública mundial) invadió la república separatista de Osetia del Sur con el fin de reincorporarla a Georgia. Era justamente el error que esperaba la dupla Putin-Medvedev para colocar su línea roja frente al asedio asfixiante de Estados Unidos y la OTAN.

No todo es tan lineal ni maniqueo, porque aquí los matices son enormes, cuando la Unión Europea, que no es tan monolíticamente homogénea, no parece seguir el aventurerismo unilateral de los halcones de Estados Unidos, quienes apostaron una vez más a la parálisis, para no decir pusilanimidad, del Kremlin, al haber empujado al abismo a Georgia, cuya “nueva democracia” (que, por cierto, aplastó a su disidencia interna) incrementó demencialmente su presupuesto militar en 33 veces, al pasar de 30 millones de dólares a mil millones de dólares.

Detrás del conflicto de Osetia del Sur, que desencadenó la guerra entre Rusia y Georgia, se juegan varios componentes: la respuesta a la independencia unilateral de Kosovo, la incorporación de Georgia a la OTAN programada para finales de año (con fuerte reticencia europea) y el trayecto del célebre oleoducto “BTC” que transporta el petróleo del mar Caspio al mar Negro y al mar Mediterráneo para abastecer a Europa: desde Baku, capital de Azerbaiyán colindante con el mar Caspio, pasando por Tbilisi, capital de Georgia, hasta Ceyhan, puerto turco en el Mediterráneo.

Lo que se juega en Osetia del Sur es colosal: la definición en el incipiente nuevo orden mundial de las fronteras de la zona de influencia de Rusia, que resucita como nueva potencia de primer nivel en toda Eurasia, pero con especial dedicatoria en el Cáucaso, mucho más incandescente que los Balcanes debido a su diversidad multiétnica y religiosa.

Lo paradójico se centra en la aparente irrelevancia de Osetia del Sur: diminuto “país” que optó por su independencia unilateral hace siete años cuando se separó de Georgia, en el contexto del caos de la desintegración de la URSS, que cuenta con menos de 4 mil kilómetros cuadrados, una exigua población de 70 mil habitantes, un miserable PIB anual de 15 millones de dólares (250 dólares per cápita) y nulos recursos, salvo el estratégico túnel Roki, que se conecta a Osetia del Norte (que forma parte de la Federación Rusa) y que fue capturada por el ejército ruso en la inmediata represalia a la invasión de Georgia.

El darwinismo, una teoría biológica que pregona la supervivencia del mejor dotado, es obligadamente aplicable a los juegos geopolíticos y Olímpicos de los humanos: Georgia aplasta a Osetia del Sur (su capital Tsjinvali quedó pulverizada) pero se repliega ante el poderío ruso que acude al rescate de su aliado vapuleado en su frontera.

Con el fin de pertrechar a su ejército en retirada, Georgia ha llegado al grado de retirar a sus 2 mil soldados en Irak, que instaló por su alianza con Estados Unidos, Gran Bretaña e Israel.

El monumental error de Saakachvili, que ha llevado a Georgia a la zozobra, es doble: pensar que Rusia se quedaría con los brazos cruzados y, luego, el más grave, alucinar con el salvamento de Estados Unidos y la OTAN, que buscan desesperadamente concertar un cese al fuego para detener el avance ruso en el contexto de tres escenarios: 1) abrir un segundo frente en la otra república separatista de Abjazia; 2) expulsar al ejército invasor georgiano de Osetia del Sur y negociar la derrota de Tbilisi mediante la instalación de un régimen menos hostil y más neutral; y 3) ocupar Tbilisi y controlar parte del trayecto del oleoducto “BTC”.

Los tres escenarios están vinculados a trueques geoestratégicos que puede arrancar Rusia a Estados Unidos y la OTAN desde Irán hasta los Balcanes.

Sin contar la alianza militar de Georgia e Israel para capturar Osetia del Sur, que delata Debka (8/8/08), en Irán han de estar en el éxtasis debido más al debilitamiento del cerco en el mar Caspio (mediante Azerbaiyán) que por la derrota de un aliado de Israel.

Los rusos son ajedrecistas y con su óptimo posicionamiento, es decir, su colocación inmejorable en el tablero de ajedrez en el Cáucaso, ya consiguieron la victoria en esta partida. Aquí el problema dependerá de los subsecuentes errores del adversario (léase: en orden, el régimen torturador bushiano y su títere georgiano), que no supo medir las proporciones ni las consecuencias de su invasión. ¿Para eso sirvió haber estudiado en Harvard?

La dupla Putin-Medvedev consiguió colocar finalmente su línea roja, cuyas reverberaciones han puesto a temblar a Ucrania, los países bálticos y Azerbaiyán, que se han percatado de las fútiles promesas de rescate del régimen torturador bushiano, que luego de empujar al ingenuo Saakachvili a su aventura lo abandona a su triste suerte.

Lo más trágico es que la mayoría de los errores monumentales del régimen torturador bushiano han sido explotados excelsamente por la “nueva Rusia”. ¿Quién en Eurasia desea ser todavía aliado de Estados Unidos, a riesgo de su propia perdición?